I. נַ֫חַל noun masculine[2Kgs 3:16] torrent, torrent-valley, wady ([Eccl 40:13]; [Eccl 40:16] Late Hebrew id., stream (rare); ᵑ7 נַחְלָא , = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian na—lu = Biblical Hebrew; LagBN 140 Anm. thinks Νεῖλος may be from Νεέλ = נַחַל pronounced *נִהִל; on ׳נ in Sabean proper name, of a location, see HalRev. Sémit. Iv (1896), 80, 1, 14); — absolute ׳נ [Gen 32:24] +, נַ֫חְלָה [Ps 124:4] construct נַחַל [Gen 26:17] +; with ה locative, [Gen 34:5] so read also [Ezek 47:19]; [Ezek 48:28] (where ᵑ0 נַחֲלָ֫ה; see Thes); dual נַחֲלַיִם [Ezek 47:9], but read הַנַּחַל ᵐ5. ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Co Berthol; plural נְחָלִים [Num 21:4] +; נַחֲלֵי [Deut 8:7] +; suffix נְחֶלֶיהָ [Isa 34:9] —
1. torrent, of rushing water in narrow channel [Judg 5:21] (3 t. in verse); [Judg 4:7]; [Judg 4:13]; [Ps 83:10] (all of קִישֹׁן, q. v.); mountain torrent [Deut 9:21] (compare [Exod 32:20]); so [Amos 5:24] (simile of righteousness); הַשּׁוֺטֵף ׳הַנּ [2Chr 32:4] (|| מַעְיָנוֺת); לְזֶפֶת ׳נֶהְפְּכוּ נ [Isa 34:9] simile of tears [Lam 2:18] hyperb.שָֿׁ֑מֶן׳נ [Mic 6:7] torrents of oil, compare of honey and curd [Job 20:17] (|| פְּלַגּוֺת, נְהָרִים); figurativeבְלִיַּעַל ׳נ [2Sam 22:5] torrents of worthlessness (|| מִשְׁבְּרֵי מָ֫וֶת), = [Ps 18:5] שׁוֺטֵף ׳נ simile of glory of nations [Isa 66:12], figurative of invaders [Jer 47:2] (|| מַיִס), or foes [Ps 124:4] (נַ֫חְלָה, see above); [1Kgs 17:4]; [1Kgs 17:6] (for drinking), drying up in summer v[1Kgs 17:7] (יָבֵשׁ; all of Elijah's stream כְּרִית, q. v.); for drinking also [Ps 110:7], and (figurative) עֲדָנֶיךָ ׳נ [Ps 36:9]; [Job 6:15] (twice in verse) (אֲפִיק נְחָלִים; in simile); of water bursting from rock [Ps 78:20] (שָׁטַף, || מַיִם), compare [Ps 74:15] (+ מַעְיָן); figurative of מְקוֺר חָכְמָה [Prov 18:4] (נֹבֵּעַ ׳נ; || מַיִם עֲמֻקִים); more generally = stream, brook, river (chiefly late) [Isa 11:15] (divisions of river, נָהָר) in desert [Isa 35:6] (|| מַיִם), [Jer 31:9] (נַחֲלֵי מַיִם), [Ezek 47:5] (twice in verse); [Ezek 47:9] b (all strike out Co), v[Ezek 47:6] v[Ezek 47:7] v[Ezek 47:9]a (readהַנַּחַל, see above), v[Ezek 47:12] containing fish, etc. [Lev 11:9]; [Lev 11:10] (|| מַיִם, יַמִּים), [Eccl 1:7] (twice in verse); figurative ׳רוּחַ י, [Isa 30:28] (שׁוֺטֵף ׳נ, [Isa 30:33] (גָּפְרִית ׳נ).
2. Torrent-valley, wady, as stream-bed [1Sam 17:40]; [Neh 2:15]; [Isa 57:6] with torrent flowing through it, אֵיתָן ׳נ [Deut 21:4] (twice in verse); [Deut 21:6], אֶרֶץ נַחֲלֵי מַיִם [Deut 8:7] (|| עֲיָנֹת וּתְהֹמֹת יֹּצְאִים בַּבִּקְעָה), compare [Deut 10:7], [1Kgs 18:5] (|| מַעְיְנֵי הַמַיִם), [Ps 104:10] abode of Elijah [1Kgs 17:3]; [1Kgs 17:5] (compare v[1Kgs 17:4] v[1Kgs 17:6] v[1Kgs 17:7] above); ׳עֹרְבֵי נ [Prov 30:17] (compare [1Kgs 17:4]; [1Kgs 17:6]); הַבַּתּוֺת ׳נ [Isa 7:19] as home of bees; fertile, אֶשְׁכֹּל ׳נ [Num 13:23]; [Num 13:24] (E); ׳אִבֵּי הַנּ [Song 6:11] ׳עַרְבֵינֿ poplars of the wady [Lev 23:40] (H), [Job 40:22] עֲרָבִים ׳נ [Isa 15:7] needing water [Gen 26:17] (גְּרָר ׳נ), v[Gen 26:19] (J), compare [2Kgs 3:16]; [2Kgs 3:17] place for refuse, ruins, etc. [2Sam 17:13] in poetry also as wild, remote ravine [Job 30:6], compare בְּצוּר הַנְּחָלִים [Job 22:24] place of child-sacrifice [Isa 57:5] burial-place [Job 21:33] (׳רִגְבֵי נ), — [Num 24:6] see II. נַ֫חַל.
[Note]
Particular wadys designate localities: אַרְנוֺן [Num 21:14] (E), [Deut 2:24]; [Deut 2:36] (twice in verse); [Deut 3:8]; [Deut 3:12]; [Deut 3:16] (twice in verse); [Deut 4:48]; [Josh 12:1]; [Josh 12:2] (twice in verse); [Josh 13:9] (twice in verse) (all D), v[Josh 13:16] v[Josh 13:16] (P), [2Kgs 10:33] אֶשְׁכֹּל [Num 32:9] (J), [Deut 1:24] בְּשׂוֺר [1Sam 30:9]; [1Sam 30:10]; [1Sam 30:21] גָּד [2Sam 24:5] זֶרֶד [Num 21:12] (E), [Deut 2:13] (twice in verse); [Deut 2:14] יַכֹּק [Gen 32:24] (J), [Deut 2:37]; [Deut 3:16]; [Josh 12:2] (all D); קִדְרוֺן [2Sam 15:23]; [2Sam 1:37]; [2Sam 15:13]; [2Sam 18:40]; [2Sam 23:6] (twice in verse); [2Sam 23:12]; [2Chr 15:16]; [2Chr 29:16]; [2Chr 30:14]; [Jer 31:40] קָנָה [Josh 16:8]; [Josh 17:9] (3 t. in verse) (all P); שׂוֺרֵק [Judg 16:4] הַשִּׁטִּים ׳נ [Joel 4:18] ׳נ מִצְרַיִם is southwest limit of Palestine (Assyrian na—al [mat] Muƒri, Dl Par. 310 SchrCOT [Num 34:5]) [Num 34:5] (P), [Josh 15:4] (D), v[Josh 15:47] (P), [1Kgs 8:65]; [2Kgs 24:7]; [2Kgs 24:2] Chron [2Kgs 7:8]; [Isa 27:12], + (omit מצרים) [Ezek 47:19]; [Ezek 48:28] (see above); so read also possibly [Amos 6:14] (see עֲרָבָה: usually identified with Wâdy el-Arîsh; on Wkl's different view, see references below מִצְרַיִם near the end); on identification of ׳נ [Josh 15:7]; [Josh 19:11] (both P), [2Sam 23:30] = [1Chr 11:32]; [2Chr 20:16]; [2Chr 33:14], see Commentaries; אָשֶׁד הַנְּחָלִים [Num 21:15], see אֶשֶׁד.
3. Miner's shaft, ׳פָּרַץ נ [Job 28:4].
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
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