אֶ֫רֶץ2407 noun feminine[Gen 10:11] & (seldom) masculine[Gen 13:16] earth, land (Phoenician, MI ארץ, Assyrian irƒitu COTGloss, Arabic , Sabean ארץֿ e.g. Os9 DHMZMG 1875, 594, 614; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare PräBAS i. 374 n., Aramaic אֲרַע, ) — ׳א absolute [Gen 1:24] +; construct [Gen 2:11] +; אָ֑רֶץ [Gen 1:10] +; with article always הָאָ֫רֶץ [Gen 1:11] +; with ָ ה locative אַ֫רְצָה [Gen 11:31] +, (this form also in poetry = אֶרֶץ [Job 34:13] +); suffix אַרְצִי [Job 20:15] +; (אַרְצֶ֑ךָ) אַרְצְךָ [Job 12:1] +, etc.; plural אֲרָצוֺת [Jer 28:8] + 65 t.; construct אַרְצוֺת [Ezek 39:27] + 6 t.; suffix אַרְצֹתָם [Gen 10:5] + 2 t.; —
1. a. earth, whole earth (opposed to a part) [Gen 18:18]; [Gen 18:25]; [Gen 22:18] (= הָאֲדָמָה [Gen 12:3]) [Jer 25:26]; [Jer 25:29]; [Jer 25:30]; [Jer 26:6]; [Isa 37:16]; [Isa 37:20] = [2Kgs 19:15]; [2Kgs 19:19]; [Zech 4:10]; [Zech 4:14] +.
\ \ b. earth, opposed to heaven, sky [Gen 1:2]; [Exod 20:4]; [Deut 5:8]; [Deut 30:19]; [Judg 5:4]; [Lam 2:1]; [Isa 37:16] = [2Kgs 19:15]; [Ps 146:6]; [1Chr 21:16]; [1Chr 29:11]; [2Chr 2:11] +; as permanent [Eccl 1:4] built on foundations, or pillars [1Sam 2:8]; [Ps 104:5]; [Job 38:4]; [Isa 48:13]; [Isa 51:13]; [Isa 51:16] compare also [Isa 24:18]; [Ps 82:5] firm, so that its shaking is something terrible, & token of terrible power [1Sam 14:4]; [2Sam 22:8] = [Ps 18:8]; [Job 9:6] compare [Ps 46:2] & v[Ps 46:6] so also [Amos 8:8]; [Isa 2:19]; [Isa 2:21]; [Isa 24:18]; [Isa 24:19]; [Isa 24:20]; [Ps 60:4]; [Ps 77:19]; [Ps 99:1]; [Ps 114:7] as hung on nothing [Job 26:7] with waters under it [Exod 20:4] = [Deut 5:8] compare [Gen 7:11] personified, especially as addressed, called to witness, etc. [Deut 32:1]; [Jer 6:19]; [Jer 22:29]; [Isa 1:2]; [Mic 1:2]; [Job 16:18].
\ \ c. earth = inhabitants of earth [Gen 6:11]; [1Kgs 2:2]; [1Kgs 10:24]; [Ps 33:8]; [Ps 66:4] + compare ׳תֵּבֵל א [Prov 8:31]; [Job 37:12].
2. land =
\ \ a. country, territory, שִׁנְעָר ׳א [Gen 10:10], מִצְרַיִם ׳א [Gen 21:21] compare also [Gen 10:11]; [Gen 11:28]; [Gen 11:31]; [Gen 13:10]; [Gen 47:6]; [Gen 47:27]; [Gen 50:8]; [Isa 7:18]; [Isa 23:1]; [Isa 23:13]; [Isa 27:13]; [Ps 78:12]; [Jer 25:20]; [1Chr 1:43] personified [Isa 62:4]; [Eccl 10:16]; [Eccl 10:17].
\ \ b. district, region [Gen 19:28]; [Gen 22:2]; [Josh 11:3]; [Ps 42:7].
\ \ c. tribal territory [Deut 34:2]; [Judg 21:21]; [1Sam 9:4]; [1Sam 9:16]; [1Sam 13:7]; [1Kgs 15:20]; [Isa 8:23] and still smaller territories [1Sam 9:4]; [1Sam 9:5].
\ \ d. piece of ground [Gen 23:15].
\ \ e. specifically land of Canaan, or Israel [Gen 11:31]; [Gen 12:1]; [Gen 12:5]; [Gen 12:6]; [Gen 12:7]; [Gen 31:3]; [Deut 17:14]; [Deut 18:9]; [2Kgs 5:2]; [2Kgs 5:4] +; especially object of יָרַשׁ possess [Deut 3:20] + often Deuteronomy, Psalms and elsewhere; so after נָחַל [Josh 19:49] +; נָתַן [Deut 1:21] +. feminine = inhabitants land [Lev 19:29]; [Ezek 14:13] + compare [Deut 24:4]; [Zech 12:12] etc.
\ \ g. used even of Sh®°ôl [Job 10:21]; [Job 10:22] (compare Assyrian irƒit la târat, land without return, in Descent of Ishtar, see Jr10. 65); see also [Ps 139:15]; [Isa 44:23].
3. a. ground, surface of ground = אֲדָמָה q. v. [Gen 1:26]; [Gen 1:30]; [Gen 18:2]; [Gen 33:3]; [Gen 38:9]; [Exod 4:3]; [Exod 16:4]; [Ruth 2:10]; [1Sam 5:4] + very often in Samuel.
\ \ b. soil, as productive = אֲדָמָה [Gen 1:11]; [Gen 1:12]; [Lev 19:9]; [Lev 25:9]; [Lev 26:4] compare [Num 14:7]; [Num 14:8]; [Isa 36:7] = [2Kgs 18:32]; [Ps 72:6]; [Ps 72:16]; [Ps 107:34]; [Ps 107:35]; [Ezra 9:12]; [Neh 9:35].
4. אֶרֶץ in phrases:
\ \ a. people of the land ׳עַםהָֿא of non-Israelites [Gen 23:7]; [Gen 23:12]; [Gen 23:13] (P) [Num 14:9] (JE); as well as Israel [Lev 20:4] (H) [2Kgs 15:5]; [2Kgs 16:15]; [2Kgs 21:24] (twice in verse); especially common people, opposed to officials, princes [Lev 4:27] (P) [Ezek 7:27]; [2Kgs 11:18]; [2Kgs 11:19].
\ \ b. in measurements of distance, ׳כִּבְרַת הָא the space or distance of country (see כּברה) [Gen 35:16], so ׳כִּבְרַת א some distance [Gen 48:7]; [2Kgs 5:19].
\ \ c. אֶרֶץ הַמִּישׁוֺר the country of the plain, level or plain country [Deut 4:33]; [Jer 48:21] מִישׁוֺר ׳א figurative [Ps 143:10] (but read אֹרַח ᵑ6 Bi Gr Che, compare [Ps 27:11]).
\ \ d. חַיִּים ׳א land of the living [Ps 27:13] הַחַיִּים ׳א [Ps 142:6].
\ \ e. ׳קְצֵה הָא end(s) of the earth [Isa 42:10]; [Isa 43:6] (|| רָחוֺק) [Ps 135:7]; [Prov 17:24], so ׳אַפְסֵי א [Prov 30:4] +; ׳קְצוֺת הָא [Isa 40:28]; [Isa 41:5]; [Isa 41:9].
5. plural אֲרָצוֺת is almost wholly late, [Jer 16:15] + 6 t. Jeremiah; 23 t. Ezekiel; [Isa 36:20]; [Isa 37:11] = [2Kgs 18:35]; [2Kgs 19:11] ([Isa 37:18] read הַגּוֺיִם see Che Di & compare [2Kgs 19:17]); 22 t. Chronicles; [Dan 9:7]; [Dan 11:40]; [Dan 11:42]; [Ps 105:44]; [Ps 106:27]; [Ps 107:3]; [Ps 116:9] besides these only P [Gen 10:5]; [Gen 10:20]; [Gen 10:31]; [Lev 26:36]; [Lev 26:39], except [Gen 26:3]; [Gen 26:4] (JR) [Gen 41:54] (JE); it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc., see especially absolute [Ezek 20:32]; [Ezek 22:4] = the various petty divisions of Canaan afterward united under Israel's control [Gen 26:3]; [Gen 26:4], compare [1Chr 13:2] אַרְצוֺת יִשְׂרָאֵל, [2Chr 11:23] אַרְצוֺת יְהוּדָה.
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer