עִם preposition with (Aramaic עִם, , Sabean עם DHMEpigr. Denkm. 12 HomChrest. 51; compare Arabic (but see PrätBAS. i. 26)), suffix עִמִּי46 and עִמָּדִי45 (probably akin to Arabic side, beside: compare √ ענד), without difference of meaning (עמי in Pentateuch [Gen 31:31]; [Gen 39:7]; [Gen 39:12]; [Gen 39:14]; [Exod 33:12]; [Lev 26:21]; [Lev 26:23]; [Lev 26:27]; [Lev 26:40] [H] [Num 22:19] Joshua-Kings 13 t.; [Ps 42:9]; [Ps 86:17]; [Job 10:17]; [Ruth 1:11]; [Esth 7:8] in [Dan 7] t.; Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles 11 t.: עמדי in Pentateuch Genesis [J E] 14 t., [Exod 17:2]; [Lev 25:23]; [Deut 5:28]; [Deut 32:34]; [Deut 32:39] Judges Samuel 7 t.; [Ps 23:4]; [Ps 50:11]; [Ps 55:19]; [Ps 101:6]; [Job 14] t., [Ruth 1:8]); עִמְּךָ, עִמְּכָה [1Sam 1:26], עִמָּ֑ךְ; עִמּוֺ, עִמָּהּ; עִמָּ֫נוּ; עִמָּכֶם; עִמָּם27 ([Gen 18:16], etc.: Genesis-Kings 20 t.; [Neh 13:25] not Ezra, Chronicles), and עִמָּהֶם23 (chiefly late: [Num 22:12]; [Deut 29:16] (24 עמם), [Jonah 1:3]; [Job 1:4], and 19 t. Nehemiah Ezra Chronicles): —
1. of fellowship and companionship (Latin cum), as [Gen 13:1] ולוט עמו and Lot with him, [Gen 18:16]; [Gen 19:30]; [Gen 24:54] הוא והאנשׁים אשׁר עמו, וכל ישׂראל עמו [Josh 7:24] al.; + often peculiar to Chronicles, Ezra are clauses introduced by ועמהם ֗֗֗ [1Chr 12:34]; [1Chr 13:2]; [1Chr 15:8] +, [Ezra 8:13]; [Ezra 8:14] (Aramaic [Ezra 5:2]) +; so ועמו ֗֗֗ [1Chr 12:28]; [2Chr 17:14-18]; [2Chr 26:17]; [Ezra 8:3-12]; [Ezra 8:33]. Coupling substantives, together with, chiefly in poetry: [Deut 12:23] לא תאכל הנפשׁ עם הבשׂר, [Josh 11:21]; [Judg 16:3]; [Eccl 7:11]; [2Sam 1:24] שָׁנִי עִם עֲדָנִים, [Deut 32:14] עִם חֵלֶב כרים, v[Deut 32:14] v[Deut 32:24] v[Deut 32:25]; [Amos 4:10]; [Isa 25:11]; [Isa 34:7]; [Jer 6:11]; [Jer 51:40]; [Nah 3:12]; [Ps 66:15] אעשׂה בקר עם עתודים, [Ps 81:3]; [Ps 83:8]; [Ps 87:4]; [Ps 89:14]; [Ps 104:25] +, [Song 1:11]; [Song 4:13] (twice in verse) כפרים עם נרדים, v[Song 4:14] v[Song 4:14]; [Song 5:1] (3 t. in verse). Unusually, [Esth 9:25] אמר עם הספר he ordered in conjunction with writing, in a written order. Poetic or late uses: [Ps 42:9] ובלילה שִׁירֹה עמי, [Ps 89:22] אשׁר יָדִי תִּכּוֺן עמו, v[Ps 89:25] in Job of the companionship of sufferings or prosperity, [Job 6:4] תִצֵּי שַׁדַּי עמדי, [Job 17:2] אם לא הֲתֻלִים עמדי, [Job 29:6] וְצוּר יָצוּק עִמדי פלגי שׁמן, v[Job 29:20] כבודי חָדָשׁ עמדי, [2Chr 14:5] ואין עמו מלחמה, [2Chr 16:19] ישׁ עמך מלחמות, [2Chr 28:10] עִמָּכֶם אֲשָׁמוֺת. Hence, in particular a. of aid, [Exod 23:5]; [Deut 22:4]; [1Chr 12:19] especially of God, [Gen 21:22] אלהים עמך, [Gen 26:3] ואהיה עמך, v[Gen 26:33]; [Gen 31:3]; [Gen 31:5]; [Exod 3:12]; [Josh 1:5]; [Isa 8:10] כי עמנו אל [Ps 23:4]; [Ps 46:8]; [Ps 46:12]; [Job 29:5] + often (compare אֵת, [Gen 39:2]; [Gen 39:3]; [Gen 39:21]; [Gen 39:23]; [Isa 43:5] +): so הִתְחַזַּק עם [1Chr 11:10]; [2Chr 16:9]; [Dan 10:21], עָזַר עם [1Chr 12:21], כי גם ידם עם דוד [1Sam 22:17]; [2Sam 3:12]; [1Chr 4:10] (compare [Exod 23:1], and II. אֵת 1 a). With the help of (= Greek σύν), [1Sam 14:45] כי עם אלהים עשׂה היום הזה, [Dan 11:39] (rare).
\ \ b. Of actions done jointly with another, as ירשׁ עם inherit with, [Gen 21:10], כרת ברית עם [Gen 26:28] + often, חָלַק (חִלֵּק) עם to share with [Josh 22:8]; [Isa 53:12] +; compare [Deut 10:9] חֵלֶק וְנַחֲלָה עִם אֶחָיו, [Deut 18:1].
\ \ c. If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, עִם is with in the sense of against: so often with נִלְחַם to fight, נִשְׁפַּט to dispute, נֶאֱבַק to wrestle, רִיב to strive (see these verbs), [Gen 26:20]; [Gen 30:8]; [Gen 32:29] בּא בְּמִשְׁפָּט עם to enter into judgment with [Isa 3:14] +, [Job 14:3] (הֵבִיא), עִם ׳רִיב לי [Hos 4:1] +; hence, without a verb expressing the idea explicitly, [Ps 94:16] מי יקום לי עִם מְרֵעִים in the struggle with evil-doers ? vb [Ps 55:19] כי בְרַבִּים היו עמדי for as many are they in combat with me, [Job 9:14] אֶבְחֲרָה דְבָרַי עמו in the contest with him, [Job 10:17]b; [Job 16:21] perhaps צָדַק עִם [Job 9:2]; [Job 25:4] (compare 4 b end).
\ \ d. Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another: as עשׂה חסד עם to do kindness with [Gen 24:12] + often (in 1 person observe that in this phrase עמדי, not עמי, is regul. used, [Gen 19:19]; [Gen 20:13]; [Gen 40:14]; [1Sam 20:14]; [2Sam 10:2] [|| [1Chr 19:2] עמי: here only], al.), עשׂה טוב עם [Gen 26:29] +, see also [Gen 20:9]; [Gen 31:29]; [Deut 33:21]; [Judg 15:3]; [Job 10:12]; [Job 13:20]; [Job 42:8]; [Ps 86:17] (compare אִתְּכֶם [Deut 1:30]; [Deut 10:21] and Aramaic [Dan 3:32]), [Ps 119:124]; [Ps 126:2] ([1Sam 12:24]), [Job 33:29] הֵיטִיד עם [Gen 32:10]; [Gen 32:13] +, הֵרַע עִם [Gen 31:7] רָצָה עם be well pleased with [Ps 50:18]; [Job 34:9] דִּבֶּר עם to speak with (subject usually God) [Exod 19:9] + (see דִּבֶּר 3 e), hence דָּבָר עִם [Judg 18:7]; [Judg 18:28]; [2Sam 3:17]; [1Kgs 1:7]; [Job 15:11] דָּבָר לָאַט עמך a word (spoken) gently with thee, compare [Job 11:5] ויפתח שׂפתיו עמך; יֵאָמֵן עם [2Chr 1:9]: and with adjectives תמים עם perfect with (i.e. toward) [Deut 18:13]; [Ps 18:24], שָׁלֵם עם [1Kgs 8:61] +; compare וְלִבָּם לֹא נָכוֺן עִמּוֺ [Ps 78:37], [2Sam 21:4]; [2Sam 23:5]; [1Kgs 3:6] (עמך), [Mic 6:8] הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת עִם אֱלֱהָיו, [Ps 73:22] toward thee, [1Chr 19:6]; [Hos 12:1] (?); also הָלַךְ קְרִי עִם [Lev 26:21]ff. (7 t.), מַמְרִים הֱיִיתֶם עם [Deut 9:7]; [Deut 9:24]; [Deut 31:27]; [2Chr 16:10]; [2Chr 26:19]; [Ps 85:5]; [Job 10:17] a.
\ \ e. Of a common lot, [Gen 18:23] האף תספה צדיק עם רשׁע together with the wicked, v[Gen 18:25]; [Job 3:14]; [Job 3:15]; [Isa 38:11]; [Ps 26:9] אל תאסף עם חטּאים נפשׁי, vb [Ps 28:3] (twice in verse), [Ps 69:29]; [Job 30:1]; [1Chr 24:5] hence like, [Ps 73:5] ועם אדם לא יְנֻנָּ֑עוּ with (i.e. like) men (in general), [Ps 106:6] חטאנו עם אבותינו, [Eccl 2:16] ואיך ימות הֶחָכָם עם הכסיל i.e. like the fool. feminine Of equality or resemblance generally (poetry), [Job 9:26] חָֽלְפוּ עִם אֳנִיּוֺת אֵבֶה they pass by with, i.e. as swiftly as, skiffs of reed, [Job 37:18] תרקיע עמו שׁחקים i.e. like him, [Job 40:15] אשׁר עשׂיתי עמך; so נִמְשַׁל עִם [Ps 28:1]; [Ps 143:7], נֶחְשַׁב עִם [Ps 88:5].
\ \ g. Of time, = as long as, [Ps 72:5] יִירָאוּךָ עם שׁמשׁ as long as the sun endureth (compare Aramaic [Dan 3:33]; [Dan 4:31] also see Amos. i. 15, 16 cum sole et luna semper Aratus erit); at the time of (?) [2Chr 21:19] (but read perhaps מֵחָלְיוֺ); and with infinitive (late), [Ezra 1:11] עִם הֵעָלוֺת הַגּוֺלָה (compare ἅμα τῷ followed by infinitive [Judg 3:21]; [Judg 9:33] also עִם [Eccl 40:14]).
2. Of a locality, close to, beside: [Gen 25:11] וישׁב יצחק עם נאר לחי ראי beside the well of, etc., [Gen 35:4] תַּחַת הָאֵלָה אשׁר עם שׁכם (so, after אשׁר, [Josh 7:2]; [Judg 9:6]; [Judg 18:22]; [2Sam 13:23]), [Josh 19:46] (?), [Judg 18:3] הֵמָּה עִם בֵּית מִיכָה (so [Judg 19:11]; [2Sam 20:8]), [1Sam 10:2]; [2Sam 6:7] וַיָּ֫מָת ׳שָׁם עִם אֲרוֺן הא, [2Sam 19:38]; [2Sam 24:16]; [1Kgs 1:9]; [1Chr 13:14] by the house of O., in its own house (see Be), [1Chr 21:15] ([2Sam 24:16]), [2Sam 26:16] (compare אֵת
2.). By a person, [Deut 5:28] וְאַתָּה עֲמֹד פֹּה עמדי by me, [1Sam 1:26] הַנִּצֶּבֶת עִמְּכָה +; of one living near another, [Exod 22:24]; [Lev 25:35]; [Lev 25:36]; [Lev 25:39]; [Lev 25:47].
3. Of persons, עִם is specifically
\ \ a. in the house or family or service of (apud, chez): [Gen 23:4] גֵּר וְתוֺשָׁב עמך (figurative of ׳י [Lev 25:23]; [Ps 39:13]), [Gen 27:44]; [Gen 29:14] וַיֵשֶׁב עִמּוֺ, v[Gen 29:25] עבדתי עמך I have served with thee (so v[Gen 29:30], compare [Deut 15:16]), [Gen 31:38]; [Lev 25:6]; [Lev 25:40] (twice in verse); [Lev 25:50]; [Lev 25:53]; [Deut 22:2]; [Deut 23:17]; [Judg 17:10]; [2Sam 19:34]; [1Kgs 11:22] compare [1Sam 2:21] ׳עם י i.e. at his sanctuary.
\ \ b. In the possession of (Latin penes): [Gen 24:25] straw, etc., is עִמָּנוּ, [Gen 31:32]; [Deut 17:19] והיתה עמו with him, at his side, [Deut 29:16]; [Job 28:14] וְיָם אָמַר אֵין עִמָּדִי; = stored up with, [Deut 32:34] כָּמֻס עִמָּדִי [Job 27:13] (but read here probably מֵאֵל; compare [Job 20:29]); of ethical or mental attributes, [1Sam 25:25] וּנְבָלָה עִמּוֺ, [Job 12:13] עִמּוֺ חָנְמָה וּגְבוּרָה, v[Job 12:16]; [Job 25:2]; [Ps 130:7]; [2Chr 19:3]; [2Chr 19:7]. compare figurative [Ps 36:10] כי עמך מְקוֺר חַיִּים.
\ \ c. In the custody or care of, [1Sam 9:23] שִׂים אֹתָהּ עִמָּ֑ךְ; [1Sam 22:23] כִּי מִשְׁמֶרֶת אַתָּה עִמָּדִי: compare [Job 17:3] עָרְבֵנִי עִמָּ֑ךְ be surety for me with thyself.
\ \ d. Beside = except, [Deut 32:39] אֵין אלהים עִמָּדִי, [Ps 73:25] ועמך לא חפצתי בארץ and beside thee I delight not (in aught that is) upon earth (al. in comparison of thee, 1 f), [2Chr 14:10] וְאֵין עִמְּךָ לַעֲזֹר there is none beside thee to help, [2Chr 20:6] perhaps [Hos 9:8] (Hi Ke; but very dubious, see Commentaries). compare אֵת 1 b.
\ \ e. With = friendly with, [Gen 31:2] כי איננו עמי (synonym v[Gen 31:5] אֶל towards), [2Kgs 10:15] לְבָבִי עִם לְבָֽבְךָ, [Prov 23:7] וְלִבּוֺ בַל עִמָּ֑ךְ.
4. Idiomatic of a
thought or
purpose present
with one: —
\ \
a. ׳עִם לְבַב פ, especially in Deuteronomy and the later Deuteronomic style,
[Deut 8:5] וְיָדַעְתָּ עִם לְבָבְךָ thou shalt know
with thy heart,
[Deut 15:9] פן יהיה דבר עם לבבך בליעל a wicked thought
with thy heart,
[Josh 14:7] I brought back word
כָאשׁר עם לבבי ׳היה עם לְבַב פ, especially of a purpose,
[1Kgs 8:17] ויהי עם ׳לבב דוד לִבְנוֺת וגו i.e. it was David's
purpose to build, etc., v
[1Kgs 8:18] v
[1Kgs 8:18];
[1Kgs 10:2] (=
[2Chr 6:7];
[2Chr 6:8] (twice in verse);
[2Chr 9:1]),
[1Chr 22:7];
[1Chr 28:2] (both based on
[1Kgs 8:17], etc.),
[2Chr 1:11];
[2Chr 24:4];
[2Chr 29:10] rather differently, to
muse or
talk with one's heart,
[Ps 77:7];
[Eccl 1:16].
\ \
b. עִם alone, = in one's
consciousness, whether of knowledge or memory or purpose (compare
אֵת 3 b;
WAG ii. § 66):
[Num 14:24] עֵקֶב הָֽיְתָה רוּחַ אַחֶרֶת עִמּוֺ i.e. operating in his mind,
[1Kgs 11:11] יען אשׁר היתה זאת עמך,
[1Chr 28:12] the pattern of all
אשׁר היה בָרוּחַ עמו that was in spirit (i.e. mentally)
with him,
[Ps 50:11] וְזִיז שָׂדַי עִמָּדִי is
with me (i.e. is known to me; ||
ידעתי), probably also
[Ps 73:23];
[Ps 139:18] (= in thy thought and care);
[Job 9:35] לא כן אנכי עמדי not so am I
with myself (my consciousness — or conscience — does not tell me that I need dread him),
[Job 10:13] ידעתי כי זאת עמך i.e. that this was thy purpose (||
אֵלֶּה צָפַנְתָּ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ),
[Job 15:9] ולא עמנו הוא and is not
with us (= in our knowledge; ||
וְלֹא נֵדָ֑ע),
[Job 23:10] כי ידע דרך עמדי the way
of which I am conscious (
De;
Ew Di the way
attending me, my usual way), v
[Job 23:14] וְכָהֵנָּה רַבּוֺת עמו i.e. he has many such purposes,
[Job 27:11] אֲשֶׁד עִם שַׁדָּי לֹא אֲכַחֵד i.e. his purposes or principles of action. Also sometimes
in the judgment or
estimation of,
[1Sam 2:26] טוֺב עִם,
[2Sam 6:22] נִכְבַּד עִם, perhaps
צָדַק עִם [Job 9:2];
[Job 25:4] (
Ges Bu; but
Ew as
1 c,
Hi De beside, in comparison of).
5. Metaph.
together with =
in spite of, notwithstanding [Neh 5:18] וְעִם זֶה (compare
WAG ii. § 57; in Hebrew
בְּ is the more usual synonym). — In
[1Sam 16:12] אַדְמֹנִי עִם יְפֵה עֵינַיִם (compare
[1Sam 17:42] עִם יְפֵה מַרְאֶה), if text correct,
יפה must be a neuter substantive,
with beauty of eyes; but read probably (
Gr Bu)
עֶלֶם a youth (
[1Sam 17:56];
[1Sam 20:22]) for
עם (see
HPS;
CheExpos. T. x. 521 אַדְמֹנִי עֶצֶם, compare
[Lam 4:7]).
מֵעִם72 from with or
beside (=
παρὰ with a genitive: compare
מֵאֵת): hence
\ \
a. after verbs of departing, taking, removing, etc.,
[Gen 13:14] אַחֲרֵי הִפָּרֶדֿ לוֺט מֵעִמּוֺ,
[Gen 26:16] לֵךְ מֵעִמָּנוּ,
[1Sam 10:2];
[1Sam 10:9];
[1Sam 14:17] מי הלך מעמנו,
[2Sam 1:2];
[1Sam 16:14] סרה מעם שׁאול ׳ורוח י,
[1Sam 18:12];
[2Kgs 2:9] בטרם אֶלָּקַח מעמך;
[2Sam 15:28] עַד בּוֺא דָבָר מֵעִמָּכֶם; of heart turning
׳מעם י [Deut 29:17];
[1Kgs 11:9] after
שׁאל to ask,
[Exod 22:13];
[Deut 10:12] ׳מה י שֹׁאֵל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ,
[1Sam 1:17];
[1Sam 20:28] (Niph`al),
[Isa 7:11] +;
דרשׁ to require,
[Deut 18:19];
[Deut 23:22],
[1Kgs 14:5] (to
inquire);
יצא מֵעִם פרעה from (being)
with Phoenician
[Exod 8:8];
[Exod 8:25];
[Exod 8:26];
[Exod 9:33] +: compare
[2Sam 3:26];
[1Sam 18:13] ויסירהו שׁאול מעמו; and
מַעִם פְּנֵי [Gen 44:29];
[Job 1:12]. Sq. a word denoting a place,
[Gen 48:12] וַיּוֺצֵא יוֺסֵָף אֹתָם מֵעִם בִּרְכָּיו,
[Exod 21:14] מֵעִם מִזְבְּחִי (compare
[1Sam 2:33]),
[Judg 9:37] מֵעִם טַבּוּר הארץ,
[1Sam 20:34] מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן;
[Job 28:4] מֵעִם גָּר away from, far from (si vera lectio).
\ \
b. [Gen 24:27] אשׁר לא עזב חסדו מעם אֲדֹנִי (compare with
הכרית [1Sam 20:15],
הסיר [2Sam 7:15];
[1Chr 17:13] (||
[2Sam 7:15] מן),
הפיר [Ps 89:34]);
[Ruth 4:10] לאֹיִֿכָּרֵת שֵׁם מֵעִם.
\ \
c. From the possession, or
custody, of (compare
עִם 3 b, c): so with
גזל [Gen 31:31],
ערב to take in pledge
[Gen 44:32],
גנב [Exod 22:11],
יצא (subject a slave; compare
עם 3 a)
[Lev 25:41];
[Deut 15:16] (compare with
שִׁלַּח חָפְשִׁי [Deut 15:12];
[Deut 15:13];
[Deut 15:18];
[Jer 34:14],
הִנָּצֵל [Deut 23:16]),
לקח [2Sam 3:15],
קנה [2Sam 24:21].
\ \
d. Expressing
origination or
authorship: [1Sam 20:7] כִּי כָֽלְתָה הָרָעָה מֵעִמּוֺ, v
[1Sam 20:9] v
[1Sam 20:33] (compare
מֵאֵת [Esth 7:17]); especially of
׳י (compare
מֵאֵת c),
[Gen 41:32] ׳נָכוֺן הַדָּבָר מֵעִם הא is established
from, on the part of, God,
[1Kgs 2:33] ׳שׁלום ֗֗֗ מעם י,
[1Kgs 12:15] (
[2Chr 10:15])
כִי הָֽיְתָה סִבָּה ׳מעם י,
[Isa 8:18] signs and portents
׳מעם י,
[Isa 28:29] יצאה ׳גם זאת מעם י,
[Isa 29:6];
[Ps 121:2] ׳עֶזְרִי מעם י [Ruth 2:12]. And of a judgment proceeding
from any one:
[2Sam 3:28] ׳נקי מעם י =
pronounced guiltness
by ׳י,
[Job 34:33] הֲמֵעִמְּךָ at thy judgment shall he requite ? (compare
מִן 2 d end).
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer