יָד1604 noun feminine[Gen 25:26] + often (masculine [Exod 17:12] see Di; on יִרְפּוּ יָדַיִם [2Sam 4:1]; [Zeph 3:16]; [2Chr 15:7]; [Neh 6:9], see Ges«GKC:145»§ 145, 7 a, R. 1) hand (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יְדָא, ; Zinjirliיד DHMSendsch.Gloss; Arabic ; Sabean יד DHMZMG 1883, 343 Mordtib. 1879, 492; Ethiopic : (see LagBN 22); Samaritan ; Assyrian îdu, strength COTGloss; — der by most from √ לי֞, on ground of plural and suffix forms in cognate languages, see especially PhilippiZMG 1878, 74 BaZMG 1887, 637 but no trace of final י or ו in Hebrew, and meaning of such √ לי֞ not clear; Thes and others from ידה extend, throw, but this in Arabic Ethiopic פו֞, not פי֞, compare Hebrew Hiph`il; Philippi compare Arabic IV. strengthen; — Sta§ 182, 183 regards יד as biliteral) — absolute יָד [Gen 38:28] +; construct יַד [Gen 41:35] +; suffix יָדִי [Gen 14:22] +; יָדְךָ [Gen 22:12] + יָדְכָה [Exod 13:16] יֶדְכֶם [Gen 9:2] +; יֶדְכֶן [Ezek 13:21] (twice in verse); [Ezek 13:23], etc.; dual יָדַיִם [Gen 34:21] +; construct יְדֵי [Gen 24:30] + וִידֵי [Exod 15:17] +, etc.; feminine plural (in figurative senses) absoluteיָדוֺת [Gen 43:24] + 8 t.; יָדֹת [Gen 47:24] + 2 t.; construct וִידוֺת [1Kgs 7:32] suffix יְדֹתָיו [Exod 26:19] (twice in verse) + 2 t.; cstr יְדֹתֶיהָ [1Kgs 7:35]; [1Kgs 7:36].; יְדוֺתָם [1Kgs 7:33] —
1. hand of man [Gen 3:22]; [Gen 4:11]; [Gen 8:9] + often; תַּבְנִית יָד [Ezek 8:3] the shape of a hand (of God in Ezek,'s vision); of cherubim יַד אָדָם ׳ת [Ezek 10:8], דְּמוּת יְדֵי אָדָם V:21:
\ \ a. right hand יַדיְֿמִינ (וֺׅ [Gen 48:17] (JE), [Judg 7:20]; [2Sam 20:9]; [Jer 22:24]; [Ezek 39:3]; [Ps 73:23]; [Ps 121:5] הַיְמָנִית[ ם]יד [Exod 29:20]; [Lev 8:23]; [Lev 8:24]; [Lev 14:14]; [Lev 14:17]; [Lev 14:25]; [Lev 14:28] (all P); a left-handed man is אִטֵּר יַדיְֿמִינוֺ [Judg 3:15]; [Judg 20:16] (V.אטר); left hand יַד שְׂמאֹל(וֺׅ [Judg 3:21]; [Judg 7:20]; [Ezek 39:8] both hands of one person are denoted by dual, יָדַיִם [Gen 27:22]; [2Kgs 3:11] + often; occasionally + numeral, שְׁתֵּי יָדָ֑י [Deut 9:15]; [Deut 9:17], so [Lev 16:21] (P); dual also of hands of several persons [Gen 5:29]; [Exod 29:10]; [Exod 29:15]; [Exod 29:19]; [Deut 31:29]; [2Kgs 11:16] = [2Chr 23:15]; [Ezek 21:12] +; yet sometimes singular of hand of several persons [Gen 19:16]; [Exod 29:9]; [Lev 8:24]; [Deut 1:25]; [Deut 17:7] (twice in verse); [Judg 7:20] (twice in verse) +
\ \ b. שְׁתֵּי כַּפּוֺת ידיו [1Sam 5:4] the two palms of his hands; כַּפּוֺת הידים [2Kgs 9:35]; [Dan 10:10] אַצִּילוֺת יָדֶיךָ armpits [Jer 38:12]; [Ezek 13:18] בֹּהֶן יָדָיו [Exod 29:20] (P) = his thumbs (opposed to בֹּהֶן רַגְלָם); בְּהֹנוֺת יד(יו) ורגל(יוׅ [Judg 1:6]; [Judg 1:7] bracelets were worn on hands, i.e. wrists [Gen 24:22]; [Gen 24:30]; [Gen 24:47] (J), compare thread bound on hand of Zerach [Gen 38:28] (twice in verse); [Gen 38:29]; [Gen 38:30] (J), and cords on hands of Samson [Judg 15:14] the ring was worn on hand, i.e. finger [Gen 41:42] (E), [Esth 3:10].
\ \ c.as to hands in use, note זְרֹעֵי ידיו [Gen 49:24] arms of his hands, i.e. arms which make his hands serviceable; מִלֵּא יָדוֺ בַּקֶּשֶׁת [2Kgs 9:24] he filled his hand with the bow, i.e. caused his hand to grasp it, seized it; הַרְכֵּב יָדְךָ עַלהַֿקֶּשֶׁת [2Kgs 13:16] (twice in verse); especially figurative of consecrating or installing (as priest), מִלֵּא יַד he filled the hand of any one (perhaps originally gave the selected portions of animal-sacrifices to, see [Lev 8:25] ff, so Di), installed as priest [Judg 17:5]; [Judg 17:12]. [1Kgs 13:33] (followed by וְ subordinate); elsewhere only P and late: [Exod 28:41] (|| קִדַּשׁ), [Exod 29:9] also v[Exod 29:29] (|| משׁח), v[Exod 29:33] קדּשׁ, v[Exod 29:35]; [Lev 8:33]; [Lev 2:9]; [Lev 16:33], followed by infinitive [Lev 16:33] (|| משׁח), [Lev 21:10] (|| יוּצַק שֶׁמֶן), [Num 3:3](|| משׁח); מִלֵּאתֶם יֶרְכֶם ליהוה [2Chr 29:31] = ye have consecrated yourselves to ׳י, is addressed apparently to the whole congregation (otherwise Be Öttli, and Di [Exod 32:29]); so the same expression [Exod 32:29] so the same expression [Exod 32:29] (possibly) and [1Chr 29:5] (certainly) of offering gifts to ׳י; מִלְאוּ יָד֯ו [Ezek 43:26] of consecrating the altar (|| כִּפֶּר, טִהַר); שָׁלַח יַד לְ [Judg 5:26] stretch out hand to, so ישׁלח אֶלֿ [2Sam 6:6] (insert ידו Vrss Dr); hence מִשְׁלַח יד(כ)ם that to which one puts the hand, figurative, = undertaking, [Deut 12:7]; [Deut 12:18]; [Deut 15:10]; [Deut 23:21]; [Deut 28:8]; [Deut 28:20] ; שׁלח יד also in hostile sense, with בְּ, [Exod 22:7]; [1Sam 24:7]; [1Sam 24:11]; [1Sam 26:11]; [Ps 55:21] +; compare מוֺאָב מִשְׁלוֺחַ יָדָם [Isa 11:14] אֶבֶןיָֿד [Num 35:17] (P) a stone (thrown from) the hand; כְּלִי עֵץיָֿד v[Num 35:18] a weapon in the hand; מַקֵּל יָד [Ezek 39:9] a staff in the hand; idols are ׳מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵי וגו [Isa 2:8] + often see מַעֲשֶׂה; man is work of God's hand [Job 14:15].
\ \ d. special phrases: kissing with the hand וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי [Job 31:27] (in silence) יָדִי שַׂמְתִּי לְמוֺ פִי [Job 40:4]; [Mic 7:16] (עַלפֶּֿה); the creditor is בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֺ [Deut 15:2] the debt מַשָּׁא כָליָֿד [Neh 10:32] תְּרוּמַת יֶדְכֶם [Deut 12:6]; [Deut 12:11]; [Deut 12:17] heave-offering of your hand; the hand is placed תחת יָרֵךְ in taking an oath [Gen 24:2] (J); lifted (הרים) to ׳י [Gen 14:22] so perhaps יָד עַלכֵּֿס יָהּ [Exod 17:16] (E) hand on the throne of Yah ! (but difficult, see Di VB); often with ׃נשׂא the hand is lifted (נשׂא) to heaven [Deut 32:40] (of ׳י's oath, poem); elsewhere chiefly Ezekiel and P: simply lift (נשׂא) the hand (= נשׁבע), sq, infinitive [Exod 6:8]; [Num 14:30] (both P), [Ezek 20:28]; [Ezek 20:42]; [Ezek 47:14] followed by לְ person [Ezek 20:5] (twice in verse) (strike out Co as gloss); followed by לְ person + infinitive [Ezek 20:6]; [Ezek 20:15]; [Ezek 20:23] absolute [Ezek 36:7] hence (citations) [Neh 9:15]; [Ps 106:26] compare [Neh 8:6] the people answered אָמֵן אָמֵן בְּמֹעַל יְדֵיהֶם; נשׂא יד(יםׅ elsewhere (of men) in prayer [Ps 28:2] compare [Ps 68:32], and יָדִי לַיְלָה נִגְּרָה [Ps 77:3]. Also of God, to give a signal [Isa 49:29] to rescue [Ps 10:12]. יְנֹפֵף יָדוֺ [Isa 10:32] he brandisheth his hand (Assyrian, in defiance); הֵנִיף יָדוֺ [Isa 11:15] (of ׳י in judgment), compare[Isa 19:16]; [Zech 2:13] (followed byעל); הֵנִיעַ יָדוֺ); [Zeph 2:15] (in derision); הוֺשִׁיעַ ידלְ one's hand bringing deliverance to, gaining success, by force, for [1Sam 25:26] + (see Dr), insert also v[1Sam 25:31] (ᵐ5 We Dr); the hand is weary יָגְָֽעָה [2Sam 23:10], it cleaves (דבק) to the sword (אֶלהַֿחֶרֶב) v[2Sam 23:10] (both omitted by accident in || [1Chr 11:13], see VB); שֶׁכֶר יָד [Lev 21:9] (H) fracture of hand = arm (|| שֶׁבֶר רגל); after נָתַן: give a pledge וִיִּתְּנוּ יָדָם לְהוֺצִיא נְשֵׁיהֶם [Ezra 10:19] submit נָתַן יַד תַּחַת שְׁלֹמֹה [1Chr 29:24], i.e. they acknowledged him as their lord; תְּנויָֿד ליהוה; [2Chr 30:8] other phrase with preposition see below
\ \ e. of hand as strong, helpful, etc.: — (I) of man : עֹצֶם יָדִי [Deut 8:17] (|| כֹּחִי); of fighting power of Edom בְּיָד חֲזָקָה [Num 20:20] (J E; || בְּעַם כָּבֵד; compare below of God); קִצְרֵייָֿד small in power [2Kgs 19:26] = [Isa 37:27] (compare below of God); Israel went out of Egypt בְּיָד רָמָה according to P, [Exod 14:8]; [Num 33:3] i.e. boldly, defiantly; same phrase of presumptuousness (against ׳י) [Num 15:30] (P, compare יָדֵנוּ רָ֫מָה[Deut 32:27]). Phrases of strengthening are: חִזַּק יָדָתו [Judg 9:24]; [Neh 6:9] חִזֵּק בְּיָדַיִם [Ezra 1:6] החזיק בְּיַדֿ [Job 8:20] (see חזק); לִהְיוֺת יָדָיו אִתּוֺ [2Kgs 15:19] that his hands might be with him, to confirm the kingdom in his hand; note also מִיהֿוּא לְיָדִי יִתָּקֵעַ [Job 17:3] who is he (that) will strike his hand into mine, i.e. give me a pledge (see below תקע); strength fails when hands drop: וַיִּרְפּוּ יָדָיו [2Sam 4:1] then his hands dropped down, he grew feeble, spiritless (see רפה); רְפֵי יָדַיִם [2Sam 17:2] weak-handed, weak (|| יָגֵעַ). (2) of (mighty) hand of God, pointing to earlier anthropomorphism; as strengthening Joseph [Gen 49:24] (poem in J); as stretched out (שׁלח) to smite [Exod 9:15] (J); so of ׳מַלְאַךְ י [2Sam 24:16], followed by accusative + לְ infinitive, opposed to הֶ֫רֶף יָדֶ֑ךָ v[2Sam 24:16] as smiting (נָָֽגְעָה בְּ) [1Sam 6:9]; [Job 19:21] as against (בְ among, in) cattle, etc., v[Job 19:3] (J); city [1Sam 5:9] the murrain v[1Sam 5:3] (J); יַדיֿהוה as heavy against (כבדה אֶל) [1Sam 5:6] שָׁם כָּֽבְדָה v[1Sam 5:11] קָֽשְׁתה עַל v[1Sam 5:7] of withdrawal of ׳י's chastising hand תָּסוּר יָדוֺ מִכֶּם [1Sam 6:3] and (׳י subject) יָקֵל אֶתיָֿדוֺ מֵעֲלֵיכֶם v[1Sam 6:5] of ׳י's power to deliver his people: — חֹ֫זֶק יָד [Exod 13:3]; [Exod 13:14]; [Exod 13:16] (all J E) ; יָד חֲזָקָה [Exod 6:1] (twice in verse) (JE), [Exod 13:9] (JE), [Deut 6:21]; [Deut 7:8]; [Josh 4:24] (D); esp: in phrase (בְּ)יָד חֲזָקָה וּ(בִ)זְרוֺעַ נְטוּיָה [Deut 4:34] + (see זְרוֺעַ p. 284); יד חזקה + כֹּחַ גָּדוֺל [Exod 32:11] (JE), [Neh 1:10] תִּקְצָ֑ר הֲיַד ׳י [Num 11:23] (JE) is the hand of ׳י shortened ? [Isa 50:2]; [Isa 59:1] (both followed by מִן); יָד נְטוּיָה in judgment [Isa 9:11]; [Isa 9:16]; [Isa 9:20]; [Isa 10:4] עלי(וׅ ׳הָֽיְתָה יַדיֿ of grasp of ׳י's hand in prophetic inspiration [Ezek 1:3]; [Ezek 3:22]; [Ezek 37:1]; [Ezek 40:1]; [2Kgs 3:15] עָלַי חזקה ׳יַדיֿ [Ezek 3:14] so בְּחֶזְקַת הַיָּד֑ [Isa 8:11] of God's (׳י's) good hand = favour, (late) אלה(יו) טוֺבָה על(יו) יַד [Ezra 7:9]; [Ezra 8:18]; [Neh 2:8]; [Neh 2:18] without טוֺבָה [Ezra 7:6]; [Ezra 7:28]; [Ezra 8:22]; [Ezra 8:31] followed by inf, יַד האלהים לָתֵת לָהֶם [2Chr 30:12] בְּיָָֽדְךָ לְגַדֵּל [1Chr 29:12] in general כֹּחַ וּגְבוּרָה בְּיָָֽדְךָ v[1Chr 29:12] of protection בְּצֵל יָדוֺ [Isa 49:2] in the shadow of his (׳י's) hand.
2. Figurative= strength, power: — לָנוּס לֹא הָיָה בָהֶם יָדָיִם [Josh 8:20] (JE) there was not in them strength to flee; לֹא מָֽצְאוּ כָלאַֿנְשֵׁיחַֿיִל יְדֵיהֶם [Ps 76:6] none of the men of might have found their hands, i.e. their powers are paralyzed in death (|| נָמוּ שְׁנָתָם); with reference to pecuniary ability: תַּ גִּיעַ יָדוֺ דֵּי שֶׂה [Lev 5:7] (on this and others with דֵּי see דַּי p. 191); לִשְׁתֵּי תוֺרִים תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֺ v[Lev 5:11] if his hand do not reach to two turtledoves; אֵין יָדוֺ מַשֶּׂגֶת [Lev 14:21] if his hand be unable to reach; so combinations with נשׂג Hiph`il: v[Lev 14:22] v[Lev 14:30] v[Lev 14:31] v[Lev 14:32]; [Num 6:21] (all foregoing P), [Lev 25:26]; [Lev 25:47]; [Lev 25:49]; [Lev 27:8] (all H), [Ezek 46:7] כְּמִתְּנַת יָדוֺ [Deut 16:17] according to the giving of his hand, i.e. his ability; similarly מַתַּת יָדוֺ [Ezek 46:5]; [Ezek 46:11] on יֶשׁלְֿאֵל יָדִי [Gen 31:29], etc., see II. אֵל above; other phrase with preposition see below; of dominion of king לְהָשִׁיב יָדוֺ בְּ [2Sam 8:3] read probably as || [1Chr 18:3] לְהַצִּיב יָדוֺ בְּ to establish his dominion at; hand = display of strength, action of ׳י [Ps 78:42]; [Job 27:11]; [Deut 34:12] especially ׳הַיָּד הַיָּד הַגְּדֹלָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה י [Exod 14:31] (J) = the great achievement which ׳י did.
3. Figurative= side:
\ \ a. of way יַד דֶּרֶךְ [1Sam 4:13] Qr (Kt יך; but read probably לְיַד השׁער see Dr.).
\ \ b. of gate בְּעַד יַדהַֿשַּׁעַר [1Sam 4:18] (text dubious, see Dr).
\ \ c. of stream or wady כָּליַֿד נַחַל יַבֹּק [Deut 2:37]. Especially dual:
\ \ d. of land, ארץ רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם [Gen 34:21] (P) the land is wide of (on) both hands, i.e. in both directions, [Judg 18:10]; [Isa 22:18]; [1Chr 4:40] of city [Neh 7:4] of sea [Ps 104:25] of streams רַחֲבֵי יָדָ֑יִם [Isa 33:21] מִיּד כִּתִּים [Num 24:24] (JE) from the direction of Kittim. — Other phrase with preposition see below
\ \ e. side = place, properly place at one side לְךָ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וְיָד תִּהְיֶה [Deut 23:13] אִישׁ אֶתיָֿדוֺ [Jer 6:3] each (in) his place; so כָּלאִֿישׁ עַליָֿדוֺ [Num 2:17] (P); — see other phrases with preposition below
4. יָד is used in various special, technical senses: —
\ \
a. sign, monument [1Sam 15:12];
[2Sam 18:18].
\ \
b. part, fractional part or
share: of seed
[Gen 47:24] (
J); share in king
[2Sam 19:44] of fighting men
[2Kgs 11:17] of people
[Neh 11:1] \ \
c. time, repetition [Gen 43:34] (
J),
[Dan 1:20]. Also feminine plural (only in figure senses): —
\ \
d. axle-trees [1Kgs 7:32];
[1Kgs 7:33] (
ᵑ6 ).
\ \
e. stays, supports for laver
[1Kgs 7:35];
[1Kgs 7:36] stays at sides of throne
[1Kgs 10:19] (twice in verse) =
[2Chr 9:18] (twice in verse).
feminine tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
שְׁתֵּי יָדוֺת [Exod 26:17] (
P), also v
[Exod 26:19] v
[Exod 26:19];
[Exod 36:22];
[Exod 36:24] (twice in verse).
\ \
g. יָד חָזִית [Isa 57:8] according to
Hi De Che Or
Brd Du and most =
a phallus thou beholdest; this favoured by context but without support in Hebrew usage;
Di a (beckoning)
hand.
5. יַד with preposition: —
\ \
a. אֶליַֿד: — (1) after verb of motion,
into the charge, custody, of [Esth 2:3];
[Esth 2:8] (twice in verse);
[Esth 2:14] (2)
אֶליַֿד by the side of gate
[2Sam 18:4] אֶליָֿדִי by my side, next to me [2Sam 14:30] אֶליַֿד דֶּרֶךְ [Ezek 48:1] a;
אֶליַֿד חֲמָת v
b (but on text see
Co); compare also
לְיַד,
עַליַֿד.
\ \
b. בְּיַד into the hand: (1)
נָתַן בְּיַד give into the hand of, literally,
[Gen 27:17] (2)
into the possession of נָתַן בְּיַד [Exod 10:25] (
JE); especially (3)
נתן ביד =
give into the power of, deliver over to [Josh 6:2];
[Josh 7:7] (both
J E),
[Deut 1:27];
[Judg 2:14] a
[Judg 13:1];
[Judg 15:12];
[1Kgs 22:6];
[2Kgs 18:30];
[2Kgs 19:10] מָכַר בְּיַד sell into the hand of [Judg 2:14] b
[Judg 3:8];
[Judg 4:2];
[Judg 4:9];
[Judg 10:7] נפל בְּיַד)
fall into the hand of [Judg 15:18];
[2Sam 24:14] וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פִּשְׁעָם [Job 8:4] and he delivered them into the power of their transgression, gave them over to it; also
[Isa 64:6], which read
וַתְּמַגְּנֵנוּ for
ᵑ0 וַתְּמוּגֵנוּ; (4)
נתן בְּיַד =
entrust to [Gen 30:35];
[Gen 32:17].
\ \
c. בְּיַד in the hand of: (1) literal
מַטְּךָ אֲשֶׁר בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ [Gen 38:18] (
J)
thy staff which is in thy hand,
[Exod 7:17] (
J),
[Exod 17:9] (
E),
[Exod 32:15];
[Num 22:23];
[Num 22:31];
[Josh 5:13];
[Josh 8:18] (all
J E),
[1Sam 13:22];
[1Sam 14:27];
[1Sam 17:50];
[1Sam 18:10];
[1Sam 20:10];
[2Kgs 11:8];
[2Kgs 11:11] =
[2Chr 23:7];
[Amos 7:7];
[Isa 6:6];
[Ezek 40:3];
[Ezek 40:5];
[Ezek 47:3];
[Zech 2:5];
[Zech 8:4] אֵין בְּיָדִי רָעָה וָפֶ֫שַׁע [1Sam 14:12] there is not in my hand evil or transgression (originally probably of stains of blood, or other evidences of crime);
מַהבְּֿיָדִי רָעָה [1Sam 26:18] (2) figurative
in the possession of,
[Exod 21:16] (
JE);
נִמְצָא בְּיָדִי [1Sam 9:8] there is found in my hand, i.e. I happen to have (1/4 shekel); (3)
in the (physical) power of [Gen 16:6] (
J; compare
תִּתְעַנִּי תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ v
[Gen 16:9]),
[Job 1:12] בְּיַד לָשׁוֺן [Prov 18:21] in the power of a tongue; in the care or
charge of, entrusted to,
[Gen 39:23] (
J);
under the authority of [2Sam 18:2] (3 t. in verse);
[Num 31:49] (
P); —
[Jer 41:9] (
AV
The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon
License: Public domain document; formatting developed for use in https://marvel.bible by Eliran Wong.
Source: provided by Tim Morton, the developer of Bible Analyzer