Exhort, Exhortation - Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words
Exhort, Exhortation
[ A-1,Verb,G3870, parakaleo ]primarily, to call to a person" (para, "to the side," kaleo, "to call"), denotes
(a) "to call on, entreat;" See BESEECH;
(b) "to admonish, exhort, to urge" one to pursue some course of conduct (always prospective, looking to the future, in contrast to the meaning to comfort, which is retrospective, having to do with trial experienced), translated "exhort" in the RV of Philippians 4:2; 1 Thessalonians 4:10; Hebrews 13:19, Hebrews 13:22, for AV, "beseech;" in 1 Timothy 5:1, for AV, "intreat;" in 1 Thessalonians 5:11, for AV, "comfort;" "exhorted" in 2 Corinthians 8:6; 2 Corinthians 12:18, for AV, "desired;" in 1 Timothy 1:3, for AV, "besought." See BESEECH.
[ A-2,Verb,G3867, paraineo ]
primarily, "to speak of near" (para, "near," and aineo, "to tell of, speak of," then, "to recommend"), hence, "to advise, exhort, warn," is used in Acts 27:9, "admonished," and Acts 27:22, "I exhort," See ADMONISH.
[ A-3,Verb,G4389, protrepo ]
lit., "to turn forward, propel" (pro, "before," trepo, "to turn"); hence, "to impel morally, to urge forward, encourage," is used in Acts 18:27, RV, "encouraged him" (Apollos), with reference to his going into Achaia; AV, "exhorting the disciples;" while the encouragement was given to Apollos, a letter was written to the disciples in Achaia to receive him.
[ B-1,Noun,G3874, paraklesis ]
akin to A, No. 1, primarily "a calling to one's side," and so "to one's aid," hence denotes
(a) an appeal, "entreaty," 2 Corinthians 8:4;
(b) encouragement, "exhortation," e.g., Romans 12:8; in Acts 4:36, RV, "exhortation," for AV, "consolation;"
(c) "consolation and comfort," e.g., Romans 15:4. See COMFORT. Cp. parakletos, "an advocate, comforter."