Luke 20 Cross References - Murdock

¹ And on one of those days, as he was teaching the people in the temple, and preaching, the chief priests and Scribes, with the Elders, came upon him, ² and said to him: Tell us, by what authority thou doest these things? And who is it, that gave thee this authority? ³ Jesus answered, and said to them: I also will ask you a word, and tell ye me. ⁴ The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or from men? ⁵ And they reasoned with themselves, and said: If we say, From heaven; he will say to us, And why did ye not believe him? ⁶ But if we say, From men; all the people will stone us; for they are persuaded that John was a prophet. ⁷ And they said to him: We do not know, whence it was. ⁸ Jesus said to them: Neither do I tell you, by what authority I do these things. ⁹ And he began to utter this similitude to the people: A certain man planted a vineyard, and leased it to cultivators, and went abroad for a long time. ¹⁰ And in time, he sent his servant to the cultivators, that they might give him of the fruits of the vineyard. But the cultivators beat him, and sent him away empty. ¹¹ And again he sent another servant; and him also they beat, and treated with rudeness, and sent empty away. ¹² And again he sent the third. And they wounded him, and cast him out. ¹³ The lord of the vineyard said: What shall I do? I will send my dear son. Perhaps they will look upon him, and be ashamed. ¹⁴ But when the cultivators saw him, they reasoned with themselves, and said: This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours. ¹⁵ And they cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him. What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do to them? ¹⁶ He will come, and destroy those cultivators, and will lease the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said: This shall not be. ¹⁷ And he looked upon them, and said: What is that which is written, The stone, which the builders rejected, is become the chief corner stone? ¹⁸ And whoever shall fall upon this stone, will be broken; and on whomsoever it shall fall, it will crush him in pieces. ¹⁹ And the chief priests and Scribes sought to lay hands on him, at that time; but they were afraid of the people; for they knew, that he spoke this similitude against them. ²⁰ And they sent to him spies, who feigned themselves righteous men, that they might insnare him in discourse, and deliver him up to a court, and to the authority of the president. ²¹ And they questioned him, and said to him: Teacher, we know that thou speakest and teachest correctly, and hast no respect of persons, but teachest the way of God in truth. ²² Is it lawful for us to pay head-money to Caesar, or not? ²³ But he perceived their craftiness, and said: Why tempt ye me? ²⁴ Show me a denarius. Whose is this image and superscription upon it? They said to him, Caesar's. ²⁵ Jesus said to them: Then, give to Caesar what is Caesar's, and to God what is God's. ²⁶ And they could not catch from him a word of accusation before the people: and they were surprised at his answers, and were silent. ²⁷ And some of the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came and questioned him, ²⁸ and said to him: Teacher, Moses wrote to us, that if a man's brother die, who had a wife without children, his surviving brother shall take his wife, and raise up seed to his deceased brother. ²⁹ Now, there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife, and died without children. ³⁰ And the second took her to wife; and he died without children. ³¹ And again, the third took her, and in like manner also all the seven; and they died, and left no children. ³² At last, the woman likewise died. ³³ In the resurrection, therefore, of which of them will she be the wife, for the seven took her? ³⁴ Jesus said to them: The children of this world take wives, and wives are given to husbands. ³⁵ But they who are worthy of that world, and of the resurrection from the dead, do not take wives, nor are wives given to husbands. ³⁶ Neither can they die any more; for they are as the angels, and are the children of God, because they are children of the resurrection. ³⁷ But that the dead will arise, even Moses showed; for, at the bush, he maketh mention, while he saith: The Lord, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. ³⁸ Now God is not the God of the dead, but of the living; for they all live to him. ³⁹ And some of the Scribes answered, and said to him: Teacher, thou hast spoken well. ⁴⁰ And they did not again venture to question him, on any matter. ⁴¹ And he said also to them: How do the Scribes say of Messiah, that he is the son of David? ⁴² And David himself said, in the book of Psalms: The Lord said to my Lord, seat thyself at my right hand, ⁴³ until I shall place thy foes under thy feet. ⁴⁴ If David, therefore, called him, My Lord; how is he his son? ⁴⁵ And while all the people heard, he said to his disciples: ⁴⁶ Beware of the Scribes, who choose to walk in long robes, and love a salutation in the streets, and the chief seats in the synagogues, and the chief couches at suppers: ⁴⁷ who eat up the houses of widows, under pretence that they prolong their prayers. They will receive a greater condemnation.

¹ THE book of the nativity of Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, son of Abraham.

²³ Behold, a virgin will conceive, and will bear a son, and thou shalt call his name Emmanuel, which is interpreted, Our God with us.

² saying: Where is the king of the Jews that is born? For we have seen his star in the east, and have come to worship him. ³ And Herod the king heard, and he was disturbed; and all Jerusalem with him. ⁴ And he assembled all the chiefs of the priests and the scribes of the people, and inquired of them, Where is the birthplace of the Messiah? ⁵ And they said: In Bethlehem of Judaea; for thus it is written in the prophet: ⁶ Thou also, Bethlehem of Judaea, art not the little among the kings of Judaea, for a king shall come from thee who shall rule my people Israel. ⁷ Then Herod privately called the Magi, and learned from them at what time the star appeared to them. ⁸ And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said to them, Go, search diligently for the child; and when ye have found him, come and tell me, that I also may go and worship him. ⁹ And they, when they had heard from the king, went forward: and lo, the star they had seen in the east went before them, until it came and stood over where the child was. ¹⁰ And when they saw the star, they rejoiced much, with great joy. ¹¹ And they entered the house; and they saw the child, with Mary his mother; and they fell down and worshipped him: and they opened their treasures, and presented to him gifts, gold, and myrrh, and frankincense. ¹² And it was shown them in a dream, that they should not return to Herod. And by another way, they returned to their country. ¹³ And when they were gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, and said to him, Arise, take the child and his mother, and flee into Egypt; and be thou there, until I tell thee: for Herod will seek for the child, to destroy it. ¹⁴ Then Joseph arose, took the child and his mother, by night, and fled to Egypt. ¹⁵ And he was there, until the death of Herod; that so might be fulfilled that which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, From Egypt have I called my son. ¹⁶ Then Herod, when he saw that he had been deluded by the Magi, was very angry. And he sent and slew all the children in Bethlehem, and in all its confines, from a child of two years and under, according to the time that he had carefully learned from the Magi.

¹⁷ And lo, a voice from heaven, which said: This is my beloved Son, in whom I have delight.

⁷ And when they were gone, Jesus began to say to the multitudes, concerning John: What went ye into the wilderness to see? A reed that waved in the wind? ⁸ And if not; what went ye out to see? A man clothed in delicate robes? Lo, they that are clothed in delicate robes, are in the dwelling of kings. ⁹ And if not; what went ye out to see? A prophet? Yes, say I to you, and more than a prophet.

⁹ And if not; what went ye out to see? A prophet? Yes, say I to you, and more than a prophet. ¹⁰ For this is he of whom it is written: Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, that he may prepare the way before thee. ¹¹ Verily I say to you, Among those born of women, there hath not arisen a greater than John the Baptizer: yet the small one in the kingdom of heaven, is greater than he. ¹² And from the days of John the Baptizer, until now, the kingdom of heaven is assailed by force, and the violent seize it. ¹³ For all the prophets and the law prophesied, until the time of John. ¹⁴ And, if ye are willing, receive ye, that this is he who was to come. ¹⁵ He that hath ears to hear, let him hear! ¹⁶ But to what shall I compare this generation? It is like to children, that sit in the marketplace and call to their associates, ¹⁷ and say: We have sung to you, and ye did not dance: we have wailed to you, and ye did not lament. ¹⁸ For John came, not eating and not drinking; and they said, He hath a demon. ¹⁹ The Son of man came, eating and drinking; and they say: Behold, a gluttonous man, and a wine drinker, and a friend of publicans and sinners. But wisdom is justified by her works.

²² But I say to you, It will be comfortable for Tyre and Sidon, in the day of judgment, rather than for you. ²³ And thou, Capernaum, which hast been lifted up to heaven, shalt be brought down to the grave. For if those deeds of power which were done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it would have stood to this day. ²⁴ But I say to thee, It will be comfortable for the land of Sodom, in the day of judgment, rather than for thee.

³² And whoever shall speak a word against the Son of man, it will be forgiven him: but whoever shall speak against the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven him;not in this world, and not in the world to come.

⁵ And he had wished to kill him; but he was afraid of the people, seeing that they regarded him as a prophet.

² Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders, and wash not their hands when they eat bread? ³ Jesus replied and said to them: Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God, on account of your tradition?

¹⁰ And he called the multitudes, and said to them, Hear and understand.

¹⁴ Let them alone: they are blind leaders of the blind. And if a blind man leadeth one blind, they will both fall into the ditch.

¹ And Pharisees and Sadducees came near, tempting him, and asking him to show them a sign from heaven.

⁴ A wicked and adulterous generation asketh for a sign; but no sign shall be given it, but the sign of the prophet Jonah. And he left them, and departed.

⁶ And he said to them: Take heed, and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees. ⁷ And they reasoned among themselves, and said, it was because they had taken no bread.

¹² Then understood they, that he did not bid them beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.

⁵ And while he was yet speaking, lo, a bright cloud overshadowed them: and there was a voice from the cloud which said: This is my beloved Son, in whom I have pleasure; hear ye him.

¹¹ Jesus answered, and said to them: Elijah doth first come, to fulfill every thing. ¹² And I say to you. That, behold, Elijah hath come, and they did not know him; and they have done to him whatever they pleased: and, in like manner, also the Son of man is to suffer from them.

²⁵ He said to them, Yes. And when Cephas had entered the house, Jesus anticipated him and said to him: How doth it appear to thee, Simon? The kings of the earth, of whom do they receive tribute and capitation money? of their children, or of aliens?

²⁷ But still, lest they be stumbled with us, go thou to the sea and cast in a fish-hook, and the fish that shall first come up, open its mouth, and thou wilt find a stater that take, and give for me and for thyself.

²⁸ Then that servant went out, and found one of his fellowservants who owed him a hundred denarii. And he laid hold of him and choked him, and said to him: Pay me what thou owest me.

² And he contracted with the labors for a denarius a day: and sent them into his vineyard.

²³ And when Jesus came to the temple, the chief priests and the Elders of the people came to him as he was teaching, and said to him: By what authority doest thou these things? And who gave thee this authority? ²⁴ Jesus replied and said to them: I also will ask you one question, and if ye will tell me, I also will tell you by what authority I do these things. ²⁵ The baptism of John, from whence was it? From heaven, or from men? And they reasoned among themselves, and said: If we should say, From heaven; he will say to us, Why did ye not believe in him?

²⁵ The baptism of John, from whence was it? From heaven, or from men? And they reasoned among themselves, and said: If we should say, From heaven; he will say to us, Why did ye not believe in him?

²⁵ The baptism of John, from whence was it? From heaven, or from men? And they reasoned among themselves, and said: If we should say, From heaven; he will say to us, Why did ye not believe in him? ²⁶ And if we should say, From men; we are afraid of the multitude, for they all hold John as a prophet.

²⁶ And if we should say, From men; we are afraid of the multitude, for they all hold John as a prophet.

²⁶ And if we should say, From men; we are afraid of the multitude, for they all hold John as a prophet. ²⁷ And they answered, and said to him: We do not know. Jesus said to them: Neither do I tell you by what authority I do these things.

²⁷ And they answered, and said to him: We do not know. Jesus said to them: Neither do I tell you by what authority I do these things.

²⁷ And they answered, and said to him: We do not know. Jesus said to them: Neither do I tell you by what authority I do these things. ²⁸ But how appeareth it to you? A certain man had two sons; and he came to the first and said to him, My son, go, labor to-day in the vineyard. ²⁹ And he answered and said, I am not willing. But afterwards he repented and went. ³⁰ And he came to the other, and said the same to him. And he answered and said: I go, my lord, but did not go. ³¹ Which of these two performed the pleasure of his father? They say to him, The first. Jesus said to them: Verily I say to you That publicans and harlots go before you into the kingdom of God. ³² For John came to you in the way of righteousness, and ye believed him not; but the publicans and harlots believed him: and ye, after ye had seen it, did not even then repent and believe in him. ³³ Hear ye another similitude. A certain man, the lord of a house, planted a vineyard, and inclosed it with a hedge, and digged in it a wine-press, and built a tower in it, and leased it to cultivators, and removed to a distance. ³⁴ And when the time for the fruits arrived, he sent his servants to the cultivators that they might remit to him of the fruits of the vineyard.

³⁴ And when the time for the fruits arrived, he sent his servants to the cultivators that they might remit to him of the fruits of the vineyard.

³⁴ And when the time for the fruits arrived, he sent his servants to the cultivators that they might remit to him of the fruits of the vineyard. ³⁵ And the cultivators laid hold of his servants, and beat one, and stoned another and one they slew.

³⁵ And the cultivators laid hold of his servants, and beat one, and stoned another and one they slew. ³⁶ And again he sent other servants, more numerous than the first; and they did the like to them.

³⁶ And again he sent other servants, more numerous than the first; and they did the like to them. ³⁷ And at last he sent to them his son: for he said, Perhaps they will respect my son.

³⁷ And at last he sent to them his son: for he said, Perhaps they will respect my son. ³⁸ But the cultivators, when they saw the son, said among themselves: This is the heir: Come; let us kill him, and retain his inheritance.

³⁸ But the cultivators, when they saw the son, said among themselves: This is the heir: Come; let us kill him, and retain his inheritance. ³⁹ And they laid hold of him, thrust him out of the vineyard, and slew him.

³⁹ And they laid hold of him, thrust him out of the vineyard, and slew him. ⁴⁰ When the lord of the vineyard, therefore, shall come; what will he do to those cultivators?

⁴⁰ When the lord of the vineyard, therefore, shall come; what will he do to those cultivators? ⁴¹ They say to him: He will utterly destroy them; and will lease the vineyard to other cultivators, who will render him the fruits in their seasons.

⁴¹ They say to him: He will utterly destroy them; and will lease the vineyard to other cultivators, who will render him the fruits in their seasons. ⁴² Jesus said to them: Have ye never read in the scripture, The stone which the builders rejected, hath become the head of the corner: this is from the Lord; and it is marvellous in our eyes?

⁴² Jesus said to them: Have ye never read in the scripture, The stone which the builders rejected, hath become the head of the corner: this is from the Lord; and it is marvellous in our eyes? ⁴³ Therefore I say to you, That the kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and shall be given to a people that will yield fruits. ⁴⁴ And whoever shall fall upon this stone, will be fractured; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will crush him to atoms?

⁴⁴ And whoever shall fall upon this stone, will be fractured; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will crush him to atoms? ⁴⁵ And when the chief priests and Pharisees had heard his similitudes, they understood that he spoke in reference to them. ⁴⁶ And they sought to apprehend him, but were afraid of the multitude, because they accounted him as a prophet.

⁴⁶ And they sought to apprehend him, but were afraid of the multitude, because they accounted him as a prophet.

³ And he sent his servants to call those that had been invited, to the feast: and they would not come. ⁴ And again he sent other servants, and said: Tell those invited, Behold, my entertainment is prepared, my oxen and my fatlings are slain, and every thing is prepared; come ye to the feast. ⁵ But they showed contempt, and went away, one to his farm, and another to his merchandise; ⁶ and the rest seized his servants, and abused them, and slew them. ⁷ And when the king heard of it, he was angry; and he sent his military forces, and destroyed those murderers, and burned their city.

⁷ And when the king heard of it, he was angry; and he sent his military forces, and destroyed those murderers, and burned their city. ⁸ Then said he to his servants, The feast is prepared, but they who were invited were unworthy. ⁹ Go ye therefore to the terminations of the streets; and as many as ye find, bid to the feast. ¹⁰ And those servants went out into the streets, and collected all they found, both bad and good; and the place of feasting was filled with guests. ¹¹ And the king went in to see the guests: and he saw there a man who was not clad in the festal garments. ¹² And he said to him: My friend, how camest thou here without the festal robes? But he was silent.

¹² And he said to him: My friend, how camest thou here without the festal robes? But he was silent. ¹³ Then said the king to the servitors: Bind his hands and his feet, and cast him into the outer darkness: there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. ¹⁴ For the called are many, and the chosen are few. ¹⁵ Then went the Pharisees and took counsel, how they might ensnare him in discourse.

¹⁵ Then went the Pharisees and took counsel, how they might ensnare him in discourse. ¹⁶ And they sent to him their disciples, with domestics of Herod, and said to him: Teacher, we know that thou art veracious, and teachest the way of God with truth, regardless of man, for thou hast no respect of persons.

¹⁶ And they sent to him their disciples, with domestics of Herod, and said to him: Teacher, we know that thou art veracious, and teachest the way of God with truth, regardless of man, for thou hast no respect of persons.

¹⁶ And they sent to him their disciples, with domestics of Herod, and said to him: Teacher, we know that thou art veracious, and teachest the way of God with truth, regardless of man, for thou hast no respect of persons. ¹⁷ Tell us, therefore, how doth it appear to thee: is it lawful to pay capitation money to Caesar, or not?

¹⁷ Tell us, therefore, how doth it appear to thee: is it lawful to pay capitation money to Caesar, or not?

¹⁷ Tell us, therefore, how doth it appear to thee: is it lawful to pay capitation money to Caesar, or not? ¹⁸ But Jesus knew their wickedness, and said: Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?

¹⁸ But Jesus knew their wickedness, and said: Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?

¹⁸ But Jesus knew their wickedness, and said: Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?

¹⁸ But Jesus knew their wickedness, and said: Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites? ¹⁹ Show me a denarius of the capitation money. And they brought to him a denarius.

¹⁹ Show me a denarius of the capitation money. And they brought to him a denarius.

¹⁹ Show me a denarius of the capitation money. And they brought to him a denarius. ²⁰ And Jesus said to them: Whose is this image and inscription?

²⁰ And Jesus said to them: Whose is this image and inscription?

²⁰ And Jesus said to them: Whose is this image and inscription? ²¹ They say, Caesar's. He saith to them: Give then Caesar's things to Caesar, and God's things to God.

²¹ They say, Caesar's. He saith to them: Give then Caesar's things to Caesar, and God's things to God.

²¹ They say, Caesar's. He saith to them: Give then Caesar's things to Caesar, and God's things to God.

²¹ They say, Caesar's. He saith to them: Give then Caesar's things to Caesar, and God's things to God. ²² And when they heard it they were surprised: and they left him, and went away.

²² And when they heard it they were surprised: and they left him, and went away.

²² And when they heard it they were surprised: and they left him, and went away. ²³ The same day came Sadducees, and said to him: There is no life of the dead. And they questioned him, ²⁴ and said to him: Teacher; Moses commanded us, that if a man should die childless, his brother must take his wife and raise up seed to his brother.

²⁴ and said to him: Teacher; Moses commanded us, that if a man should die childless, his brother must take his wife and raise up seed to his brother. ²⁵ Now there were with us seven brothers. The first took a wife, and deceased; and, as he had no children, he left his wife to his brother.

²⁵ Now there were with us seven brothers. The first took a wife, and deceased; and, as he had no children, he left his wife to his brother. ²⁶ In like manner also the second, and the third, and up to the whole seven.

²⁶ In like manner also the second, and the third, and up to the whole seven. ²⁷ And after them all, the woman also herself died.

²⁷ And after them all, the woman also herself died. ²⁸ In the resurrection, therefore, to which of those seven will she be the wife? For they all had taken her?

²⁸ In the resurrection, therefore, to which of those seven will she be the wife? For they all had taken her? ²⁹ Jesus answered, and said to them: Ye do err, from not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.

²⁹ Jesus answered, and said to them: Ye do err, from not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God. ³⁰ For in the resurrection of the dead, they do not take wives, nor are wives given to husbands; but they are as the angels of God in heaven.

³⁰ For in the resurrection of the dead, they do not take wives, nor are wives given to husbands; but they are as the angels of God in heaven. ³¹ But as to the resurrection of the dead,: have ye not read what was spoken to you by God, who said: ³² I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, the God of Jacob? Now he is not the God of the dead, but of the living. ³³ And when the multitude heard it they were astonished at his doctrine. ³⁴ And when the Pharisees heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they assembled together;

³⁴ And when the Pharisees heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they assembled together; ³⁵ and one of them, who was expert in the law, to tempt him, inquired: ³⁶ Teacher, which is the great command in the law? ³⁷ Jesus said to him: Thou shalt love the Lord thy God, with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might, and with all thy mind. ³⁸ This is the great and first command. ³⁹ And the second, which is like it, is, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. ⁴⁰ On these two commands hang the law and the prophets. ⁴¹ And while the Pharisees were assembled, Jesus questioned them, ⁴² and said: What say ye respecting, the Messiah? Whose son is he? They say to him; The son of David. ⁴³ He saith to them: How then doth David, by the Spirit, call him Lord? for he said: ⁴⁴ The Lord said to my Lord, Seat thyself at my right hand, until I place thy enemies under thy feet. ⁴⁵ If David then call him Lord, how is he his son? ⁴⁶ And no one was able to give him an answer? And from that day, no one dared to question him.

¹ Then Jesus conversed with the multitude and with his disciples, ² and said to them: The Scribes and Pharisees sit in the seat of Moses.

⁵ And all their works they do, to be seen of men: for they make their phylacteries broad, and extend the fringes of their garments. ⁶ And they love the highest couches at suppers and the highest seats in the synagogues, ⁷ and the greeting in the market places, and to be addressed by men with Rabbi.

¹³ Woe to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites: for ye devour the houses of widows, under the disguise of protracting your prayers. Therefore ye shall receive greater condemnation.

²⁶ Ye blind Pharisees, cleanse first the inside of the cup and dish, that their outside may be clean also. ²⁷ Woe to you, Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites: for ye are like whited sepulchres, which appear comely without, but are within full of bones of the dead and all impurity. ²⁸ So ye also, outwardly, appear to men as righteous; but within, ye are full of iniquity and hypocrisy.

³⁰ and ye say: If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been participators with them in the blood of the prophets. ³¹ Wherefore ye are witnesses, against yourselves, that ye are the children of them that killed the prophets. ³² And as for you, fill ye up the measure of your fathers. ³³ Ye serpents, ye race of vipers: how can ye escape the condemnation of hell? ³⁴ Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes; some of whom ye will kill and crucify, and some of them ye will scourge in your synagogues, and will persecute them from city to city: ³⁵ so that on you may come all the blood of the righteous, which hath been shed on the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zachariah, son of Barachiah, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar. ³⁶ Verily I say to you, that all these things will come upon this generation. ³⁷ O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, who killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent to thee: how often would I have gathered thy children, as a hen gathereth her young under her wings, and ye would not.

¹⁴ For, as a man that took a journey, called his servants and delivered to them his property;

³ Then assembled the chief priests and the Scribes and the Elders of the people, at the hall of the high priest, who was called Caiaphas. ⁴ And they held a counsel against Jesus, that they might take him by guile, and kill him. ⁵ But they said: Not on the festival, lest there be a commotion among the people.

⁴⁹ And forthwith he approached Jesus, and said: Hail, Rabbi; and kissed him. ⁵⁰ And Jesus said to him: My friend, is it for this thou hast come? Then they came up, and laid their hands on Jesus, and took him.

⁵⁵ At that time Jesus said to the multitude: Have ye come out, as against a cut-throat, with swords and clubs, to take me? I daily sat with you, and taught in the temple, and ye did not apprehend me.

² And they bound him, and carried him and delivered him up to Pilate, the president.

²¹ And the president answered, and said to them: Which of the two, will ye, that I release to you? And they said: Bar Abas. ²² Pilate said to them: And what shall I do to Jesus who is called Messiah? They all replied: Let him be crucified. ²³ The president said to them: But what hath he done, that is evil? And they cried out the more, and said: Let him be crucified. ²⁴ And Pilate, when he saw that it availed nothing, but rather that tumult was produced, took water, and washed his hands before the eyes of the multitude, and said: I am pure from the blood of this just man: see ye to it. ²⁵ And all the people answered, and said His blood be on us, and on our children!

² And they watched him, that if he should heal on the sabbath, they might accuse him.

⁵ And he looked on them with indignation, being grieved with the hardness of their heart. And he said to the man: Stretch forth thy hand. And he stretched forth, and his hand was restored.

¹⁵ And he charged them, and said to them: Take heed, and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, and of the leaven of Herod.

³⁴ And Jesus called the multitude, together with his disciples, and said to them: Whoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and come after me.

²³ And Jesus looked upon his disciples, and said to them: How hard for those who possess wealth, to enter into the kingdom of God!

²⁷ And they came again to Jerusalem. And as he was walking in the temple, the chief priests and Scribes and Elders came to him, ²⁸ and said to him: By what authority doest thou these things? And who gave thee the authority to do these things? ²⁹ And Jesus said to them: I also will ask you one thing, that ye may tell me, and I will tell you by what authority I do these things. ³⁰ The baptism of John, whence was it? from heaven, or from men? Tell me. ³¹ And they reasoned with themselves, and said: If we should say to him, From heaven; he will say to us, Why then did ye not believe him? ³² But if we should say, From men; there is fear from the people; for they have all held John to be truly a prophet. ³³ And they answered, and said to Jesus: We do not know. He said to them: Neither do I tell you by what authority I do these things.

³³ And they answered, and said to Jesus: We do not know. He said to them: Neither do I tell you by what authority I do these things.

¹ And he began to discourse with them in similitudes. A certain man planted a vineyard, and inclosed it with a hedge, and dug in it a wine vat, and built a tower in it, and put it into the hands of husbandmen, and removed to a distance. ² And at the proper time, he sent his servant to the husbandmen, to receive of the fruits of the vineyard.

² And at the proper time, he sent his servant to the husbandmen, to receive of the fruits of the vineyard. ³ And they beat him, and sent him away empty.

³ And they beat him, and sent him away empty. ⁴ And again he sent to them another servant; and him also they stoned, and wounded, and sent him away under indignities.

⁴ And again he sent to them another servant; and him also they stoned, and wounded, and sent him away under indignities. ⁵ And again he sent another; and him they killed. And he sent many other servants, some of whom they beat, and some they killed.

⁵ And again he sent another; and him they killed. And he sent many other servants, some of whom they beat, and some they killed. ⁶ At last, having an only and dear son, he sent him to them; for he said, Perhaps they will respect my son.

⁶ At last, having an only and dear son, he sent him to them; for he said, Perhaps they will respect my son. ⁷ But those husbandmen said among themselves: This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.

⁷ But those husbandmen said among themselves: This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours. ⁸ And they took him, and slew him, and cast him out of the vineyard.

⁸ And they took him, and slew him, and cast him out of the vineyard. ⁹ What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy those husbandmen, and transfer the vineyard to others.

⁹ What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy those husbandmen, and transfer the vineyard to others. ¹⁰ And have ye not read this scripture, The stone which the builders rejected, hath become the head of the corner:

¹⁰ And have ye not read this scripture, The stone which the builders rejected, hath become the head of the corner: ¹¹ From the Lord, was this; and it is wonderful in our eyes? ¹² And they sought to apprehend him, but were afraid of the people; for they knew that he spoke this similitude against them. And they left him, and went away.

¹² And they sought to apprehend him, but were afraid of the people; for they knew that he spoke this similitude against them. And they left him, and went away. ¹³ And they sent to him some of the Scribes and of the household of Herod, to ensnare him in discourse. ¹⁴ And these came, and asked him: Teacher; we know that thou art veracious, and hast no fear of man; for thou regardest not the face of men, but teachest the way of God in truth. Is it lawful to give capitation money to Caesar; or not? Shall we give, or not give?

¹⁴ And these came, and asked him: Teacher; we know that thou art veracious, and hast no fear of man; for thou regardest not the face of men, but teachest the way of God in truth. Is it lawful to give capitation money to Caesar; or not? Shall we give, or not give? ¹⁵ And he knew their wile, and said to them: Why tempt ye me? Bring me a denarius, that I may see it. ¹⁶ And they brought one to him. And he said to them: Whose is this image and inscription? They said to him: Caesar's. ¹⁷ Jesus said to them: What is Caesar's, give to Caesar; and what is God's, give to God. And they wondered at him.

¹⁷ Jesus said to them: What is Caesar's, give to Caesar; and what is God's, give to God. And they wondered at him. ¹⁸ Then came to him Sadducees, who say that there is no resurrection; and they asked him, and said: ¹⁹ Teacher; Moses wrote to us, that if a man's brother die, and leave a widow, but leave no children, his brother shall take his widow, and raise up seed to his brother.

¹⁹ Teacher; Moses wrote to us, that if a man's brother die, and leave a widow, but leave no children, his brother shall take his widow, and raise up seed to his brother. ²⁰ There were seven brothers: and the first took a wife, and died, and left no seed.

²⁰ There were seven brothers: and the first took a wife, and died, and left no seed. ²¹ And the second took her, and died, and he also left no seed: and the third in like manner.

²¹ And the second took her, and died, and he also left no seed: and the third in like manner. ²² And the seven took her, and left no seed. Last of all, the woman also died.

²² And the seven took her, and left no seed. Last of all, the woman also died. ²³ In the resurrection, therefore, of which of them will she be the wife? For all the seven took her.

²³ In the resurrection, therefore, of which of them will she be the wife? For all the seven took her. ²⁴ Jesus said to them: Is it not on this account that ye err, because ye understand not the scriptures, nor the power of God?

²⁴ Jesus said to them: Is it not on this account that ye err, because ye understand not the scriptures, nor the power of God? ²⁵ For when they rise from the dead, they do not take wives, nor are wives given to husbands; but they are as the angels that are in heaven.

²⁵ For when they rise from the dead, they do not take wives, nor are wives given to husbands; but they are as the angels that are in heaven. ²⁶ But concerning the dead, that they rise, have ye not read in a book of Moses, how God said to him from the bush: I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? ²⁷ He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. Ye, therefore, do err greatly. ²⁸ And one of the Scribes came, and heard them as they discussed, and he saw that he gave them an excellent answer; and he asked him, Which is the first of all the commandments? ²⁹ Jesus said to him: The first of all the commandments is: Hear, O Israel; the Lord our God is one Lord: ³⁰ and thou shalt love the Lord thy God, with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy might. This is the first commandment. ³¹ And the second, which is like it, is: Thou shalt love thy neighbor, as thyself. There is no other commandment greater than these. ³² The Scribe said to him: Excellently! Rabbi; thou hast spoken the truth; for he is one God, and there is no other beside him. ³³ And for a man to love him, with all the heart, and with all the mind, and with all the soul, and with all the might; and to love his neighbor, as himself; is better than all holocausts and sacrifices. ³⁴ And Jesus perceived that he replied wisely; and he answered, and said to him: Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no one dared again to question him.

³⁴ And Jesus perceived that he replied wisely; and he answered, and said to him: Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no one dared again to question him. ³⁵ And as Jesus was teaching in the temple, he answered and said: How can the Scribes say, that Messiah is the son of David? ³⁶ For David himself saith, by the Holy Spirit: The Lord said to my Lord; Seat thyself on my right hand, until I place thy enemies as a footstool beneath thy feet. ³⁷ David therefore calleth him " My Lord;" and how is he his son? And all the multitude heard him with pleasure. ³⁸ And he said to them in his teaching Beware of the Scribes, who choose to walk in long robes, and love the salutation in the streets, ³⁹ and the chief seats in the synagogues, and the chief couches at feasts. ⁴⁰ They devour the houses of widows, under pretence that they prolong their prayers. These shall receive a greater condemnation.

³¹ For lo, thou wilt conceive in thy womb, and wilt bear a son, and wilt call his name Jesus. ³² He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High, and the Lord God will give him the throne of his father David. ³³ And he will reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his reign there will be no end. ³⁴ And Mary said to the angel: How can this be, as I have not known a man? ³⁵ The angel replied, and said to her: The Holy Spirit will come, and the power of the Most High will overshadow thee; therefore he that is born of thee is holy, and will be called the Son of God.

⁷⁶ And thou, child, wilt be called a prophet of the Most High; for thou wilt go before the face of the Lord, to prepare his way,

¹ And in those days it occurred, that a decree went forth from Augustus Caesar, that all the people of his dominion should be enrolled.

¹¹ For there is born to you this day a deliverer, who is the Lord Messiah, in the city of David

¹ And in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, in the presidency of Pontius Pilate in Judaea, while Herod was Tetrarch in Galilee, and Philip his brother Tetrarch in Ituraea and in the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias Tetrarch of Abilene,

²² And Jesus knew their thoughts, and said to them: What think ye in your heart?

⁸ And as he knew their thoughts, he said to the man with a withered hand: Rise and come into the midst of the congregation. And when he came and stood there,

²⁶ Or if not; what went ye out to see? a prophet? Yea, say I to you; and more than a prophet. ²⁷ For this is he, of whom it is written: Behold I send my messenger before thy face, to prepare thy way before thee. ²⁸ I say to you, that no prophet, among those born of women, was greater than John the Baptizer: and yet the little one in the kingdom of God, is greater than he.

²⁸ I say to you, that no prophet, among those born of women, was greater than John the Baptizer: and yet the little one in the kingdom of God, is greater than he. ²⁹ And all the people that heard him, justified God, as they had been baptized with John's baptism.

²⁹ And all the people that heard him, justified God, as they had been baptized with John's baptism. ³⁰ But the Pharisees and Scribes rejected the good pleasure of God, against themselves; as they were not baptized by him. ³¹ To what, therefore, shall I compare this generation? and to what are they like? ³² They are like children, that sit in the market-place, and call to their fellows and say: We have piped to you, and ye did not dance; we have howled to you, and ye did not weep. ³³ For John the Baptizer came, not eating bread, and not drinking wine; and ye say: He hath a demon. ³⁴ The Son of man came, eating and drinking; and ye say: Behold, a gluttonous man, and a wine drinker, and one fond of publicans and sinners. ³⁵ But wisdom is justified by all her children.

¹ And after these things Jesus travelled about the cities and the villages, and proclaimed and announced the kingdom of God. And with him were his twelve disciples,

³⁵ And there was a voice from the cloud, which said: This is my beloved Son; hear ye him.

¹² I say to you, that for Sodom there will be comfort in that day, rather than for that city. ¹³ Woe to thee, Chorazin; woe to thee, Bethsaida; for if in Tyre and Sidon there had been the mighty deeds, that were in you, they would long ago have repented in sackcloth and ashes. ¹⁴ But for Tyre and Sidon there will be comfort in the day of judgment, rather than for you.

¹⁶ And others, to tempt him, asked of him a sign from heaven. ¹⁷ But Jesus, as he knew their thoughts, said to them: Every kingdom that is divided against itself, will become a desolation: and a house that is divided against itself, will fall.

⁴³ Woe to you, Pharisees! who love the chief seats in the synagogues, and a salutation in the streets.

⁴⁷ Woe to you! who build the sepulchres of the prophets, whom your fathers slew. ⁴⁸ Thus ye testify, that ye acquiesce in the deeds of your fathers; for they slew them, and ye build their sepulchres. ⁴⁹ Therefore hath wisdom said: Lo, I will send to them prophets and legates; and some of them they will persecute and slay; ⁵⁰ that from this generation may be required, the blood of all the prophets, which hath been shed since the world was created;

⁵³ And when he had said these things to them, the Scribes and Pharisees began to be offended, and became angry, and carped at his discourses, ⁵⁴ and practised many wiles upon him, seeking to catch some thing from his lips, that they might accuse him.

⁵⁴ and practised many wiles upon him, seeking to catch some thing from his lips, that they might accuse him.

¹ And when great multitudes were assembled by myriads, so that they trod one upon another, Jesus began to say to his disciples: First of all, beware for yourselves of that leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy.

⁴⁷ And the servant that knew his lord's pleasure, and did not prepare for him according to his pleasure, shall be beaten with many stripes. ⁴⁸ But he that knew not, yet did that which deserved stripes, shall be beaten with few stripes. For to whomsoever much is given, from him will much be required; and to whom much is committed, the more will be required at his hand.

¹⁷ And when he had said these things, all those that stood up against him were ashamed: and all the people rejoiced in all the miracles that were wrought by his hand.

³⁴ O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent to thee; how many times would I have gathered thy children, as a hen that gathereth her young under her wings, and ye would not?

⁷ And he spoke a similitude to the guests that were present, as he noticed how they chose places on the highest couches.

¹⁸ I will arise and go to my father, and say to him: My father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee;

⁸ And our Lord praised the unrighteous steward, for having acted sagaciously: for the children of this world are more sagacious than the children of light, in this their generation.

²⁷ They ate and drank, they took wives and were given to husbands, until the day that Noah entered the ark; and the flood came, and destroyed every one.

³⁸ And he called out, and said: Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me. ³⁹ And they that went before Jesus rebuked him, that he might be silent. But he cried out the more, Son of David, have mercy on me.

¹² And he said: A certain man of high birth was going to a distant place, to obtain royalty, and return again.

²⁷ But as for those my enemies, who would not have me to reign over them, bring them and slay them before me.

³⁵ And they brought him to Jesus. And they cast their garments upon the colt, and set Jesus upon him. ³⁶ And as he went, they spread their garments in the way. ³⁷ And when he came near to the descent of the place of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice, and to praise God, with a loud voice, for all the mighty deeds which they had seen. ³⁸ And they said: Blessed be the king, that cometh in the name of the Lord: peace in heaven, and glory on high. ³⁹ And some of the Pharisees from among the crowd, said to him: Rabbi, rebuke thy disciples. ⁴⁰ He said to them: I tell you, that, if these should be silent, the stones would cry out. ⁴¹ And as he drew near, and beheld the city, he wept over it:

⁴⁵ And when he entered the temple, he began to expel those who bought and sold in it. ⁴⁶ And he said to them: It is written, My house is a house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of robbers. ⁴⁷ And he taught daily in the temple: and the chief priests and Scribes and Elders of the people, sought to destroy him.

⁴⁷ And he taught daily in the temple: and the chief priests and Scribes and Elders of the people, sought to destroy him. ⁴⁸ But they found not, what they could do to him; for all the people hung upon him to hear him.

⁵ And they reasoned with themselves, and said: If we say, From heaven; he will say to us, And why did ye not believe him?

¹⁴ But when the cultivators saw him, they reasoned with themselves, and said: This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.

¹⁹ And the chief priests and Scribes sought to lay hands on him, at that time; but they were afraid of the people; for they knew, that he spoke this similitude against them. ²⁰ And they sent to him spies, who feigned themselves righteous men, that they might insnare him in discourse, and deliver him up to a court, and to the authority of the president.

²² Is it lawful for us to pay head-money to Caesar, or not?

²⁶ And they could not catch from him a word of accusation before the people: and they were surprised at his answers, and were silent.

³⁹ And some of the Scribes answered, and said to him: Teacher, thou hast spoken well. ⁴⁰ And they did not again venture to question him, on any matter.

³⁶ Be ye therefore vigilant, at all times, and prayerful; that ye may be worthy to escape the things that are to take place, and may stand before the Son of man.

² And the chief priests and Scribes sought how they might kill him, for they were afraid of the people.

³⁷ For I say to you, That this also, which was written, must be fulfilled in me: I shall be numbered with transgressors. For, all that relates to me, will be fulfilled.

⁶¹ And Jesus turned, and looked upon Cephas. And Simon remembered the word of our Lord, which he spoke to him: Before the cock shall crow, thou wilt deny me three times.

⁶⁸ And if I should ask you, ye will not return me an answer; nor will ye release me.

² And they began to accuse him, and said: We have found this man seducing our people, and forbidding to pay the capitation money to Caesar, and declaring himself to be king Messiah.

⁴⁴ And he said to them: These are the things which I said to you while I was with you, That all things written of me, in the law of Moses and in the prophets and in the psalms, must be fulfilled.

⁶ There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.

¹⁵ John testified of him, and cried, and said: This is he, of whom I said, That he cometh after me, and is before me; for he was prior to me. ¹⁶ And of his plenitude have we all received, and grace for grace. ¹⁷ For the law was given by the hand of Moses; but the reality and grace was by the hand of Jesus Messiah. ¹⁸ No man hath ever seen God; the only begotten God, he who is in the bosom of his Father, he hath declared him. ¹⁹ And this is the testimony of John, when the Jews of Jerusalem sent to him priests and Levites, to ask him, Who art thou? ²⁰ And he confessed, and denied not, but confessed I am not the Messiah. ²¹ And they asked him again: Who then? Art thou Elijah? And he said: I am not. Art thou a prophet? And he said, No. ²² And they said to him: Who art thou? that we may give answer to them that sent us. What sayest thou of thyself? ²³ He said: I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Make smooth the way of the Lord; as said the prophet Isaiah. ²⁴ And they who were sent, were of the Pharisees. ²⁵ And they asked him, and said to him: Why then baptizest thou, if thou art not the Messiah, nor Elijah, nor a prophet? ²⁶ John answered, and said to them; I baptize with water; but among you standeth one, whom ye do not know. ²⁷ He it is that cometh after me, and was before me, whose shoe-strings I am not worthy to untie. ²⁸ These things occurred in Bethany, where John was baptizing.

³⁰ This is he of whom I said, After me cometh a man, who is before me, for he was prior to me.

³⁴ And I saw; and I testify, that this is the Son of God.

¹⁸ But the Jews replied, and said to him: What sign showest thou to us, since thou doest these things?

²⁴ But Jesus did not confide himself to them; because he knew all men: ²⁵ And he needed not that any one should testify to him respecting any man; for he himself knew what is in man.

² And he came to Jesus by night, and said to him: Rabbi, we know that thou art a teacher sent from God; for no one can work those signs which thou workest, unless God be with him.

¹⁶ For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth on him, should not perish, but should have life eternal. ¹⁷ For God sent not his Son into the world, to condemn the world; but that the world might live by means of him.

¹⁹ And this is the ground of condemnation, that light hath come into the world, and men have loved darkness rather than light, for their deeds have been evil. ²⁰ For every one that doeth abominable things, hateth the light, and cometh not to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved.

²⁶ And they came to John, and said to him: Our Rabbi, he who was with thee beyond Jordan, and of whom thou gavest testimony, lo, he also baptizeth; and many go after him.

³⁵ The Father loveth the Son, and hath given every thing into his hands. ³⁶ He that believeth on the Son, hath life eternal; but he who obeyeth not the Son, shall not see life. but the wrath of God will abide upon him.

³⁶ He that believeth on the Son, hath life eternal; but he who obeyeth not the Son, shall not see life. but the wrath of God will abide upon him.

²² For neither doth the Father judge any one, but hath given all judgment to the Son: ²³ that every man may honor the Son, as he honoreth the Father. He that honoreth not the Son, honoreth not the Father that sent him. ²⁴ Verily, verily, I say to you, That he who heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath life eternal, and will not come into condemnation, but hath passed from death to life. ²⁵ Verily, verily, I say to you, That the hour cometh, and even now come, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God; and they that hear, will live. ²⁶ For, as the Father hath life in himself, so hath he given to the Son also, to have life in himself: ²⁷ and hath moreover given him authority to execute judgment. But that he is the Son of man,

²⁹ and will come forth; they that have done good, to the resurrection of life, and they that have done evil, to the resurrection of condemnation.

³³ Ye sent unto John; and he bore testimony to the truth. ³⁴ And I have not received testimony from men: but these things I say, that ye may live. ³⁵ He was a burning and shining lamp; and ye were willing for a time, to glory in his light.

⁵⁷ As the living Father hath sent me, and I live because of the Father; so he that shall eat me, he also will live because of me.

⁴² Doth not the scriptures say, That Messiah cometh of the seed of David, and from Bethlehem the town of David?

³⁹ And Jesus said: For the judgment of this world, have I come; that they who see not, might see; and that they who see, might become blind.

⁴¹ And many persons came to him: and they said, John indeed wrought not even one sign; but every thing that John said of his man, was true.

²⁵ Jesus said to her: I am the consolation, and life. And he that believeth in me, though he should die, will live. ²⁶ And every one that liveth, and believeth in me, will not die for ever. Believest thou this?

⁴⁷ And the chief priests and Pharisees assembled together, and said: What shall we do? For this man worketh many signs. ⁴⁸ And if we thus let him alone, all the people will believe in him; and the Romans will come, and will take away our place and our nation. ⁴⁹ But, one of them, named Caiaphas, was the high priest of that year; and he said to them: Ye know not any thing. ⁵⁰ Neither do ye consider, that it is expedient for us, that one man die for the people, and not that this whole people perish.

¹⁹ And the world will not see me; but ye will see me. Because I live, ye will live also.

¹ I am the true vine; and my Father is the cultivator. ² Every branch in me, which yieldeth not fruits, he taketh it away: and that which yieldeth fruits, he cleanseth it, that it may yield more fruits. ³ Ye henceforth are clean, on account of the discourse I have held with you. ⁴ Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot yield fruits of itself, unless it abide in the vine; so also, neither can ye, unless ye abide in me. ⁵ I am the vine, and ye are the branches. He that abideth in me, and I in him, he yieldeth much fruit; for without me, ye can do nothing. ⁶ And if a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a withered branch; and they gather it up, and cast it into the fire to be burned. ⁷ But if ye shall abide in me, and my instructions shall abide in you, whatever ye shall be pleased to ask, it will be given to you. ⁸ In this is the Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit; and ye will be my disciples.

¹⁶ It is not ye that chose me, but I that have chosen you; and I have appointed you, that ye also should go and yield fruits, and that your fruits should continue; so that whatever ye may ask of my Father in my name, he may give it you.

²⁵ so that in them will be fulfilled the word which is written in their law: They hated me, without a cause.

²⁰ And Jesus said to him: I have discoursed openly with the people, and have at all times taught in the synagogue and in the temple, where all the Jews assemble; and I have uttered nothing in private.

²⁸ And they led Jesus from the presence of Caiaphas unto the Praetorium; and it was morning. But they did not enter the Praetorium, lest they should defile themselves before they had eaten the passover. ²⁹ And Pilate went forth to them without, and said to them: What accusation have ye against this man? ³⁰ They replied, and said to him: If he were not a malefactor, we should not have delivered him up to thee. ³¹ Pilate said to them: Take ye him, and judge him according to your law. The Jews said to him: It is not lawful for us to put a man to death: ³² that the speech of Jesus might be fulfilled, when he made known by what death he was to die.

²⁰ For it is written, in the book of Psalms: Let his habitation be desolate, and let no resident be in it; and let another take his service.

²³ him, being hereto appointed by the prescience and the good pleasure of God, ye have delivered into the hands of the wicked; and have crucified and slain.

³⁰ For he was a prophet, and he knew, that God had sworn to him by an oath: Of the fruit of thy bowels, I will seat one on thy throne.

³⁴ For David hath not ascended into heaven; because he himself said: The Lord said to my Lord, seat thyself at my right hand, ³⁵ until I shall place thy enemies a footstool to thy feet.

¹⁵ And that Prince of life ye slew; and him, hath God raised from the dead, and all of us are witnesses of it.

¹ And while they were speaking these words to the people, the priests and the Sadducees and the rulers of the temple rose up against them;

¹ And while they were speaking these words to the people, the priests and the Sadducees and the rulers of the temple rose up against them; ² being angry with them, that they taught the people, and preached a resurrection from the dead by the Messiah.

⁷ And when they had set them in the midst, they interrogated them: By what power or what name, have ye done this? ⁸ Then Simon Cephas was filled with the Holy Spirit, and said to them: Ye rulers of the people, and Elders of the house of Israel, hear ye. ⁹ If we are judged by you this day, respecting the good deed done to the infirm man, by what means he was healed; ¹⁰ be it known to you, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Messiah the Nazarean, whom ye crucified, and whom God hath raised from the dead, lo, by him, doth this man stand here before you recovered. ¹¹ This is the stone, which ye builders rejected; and it hath become the head of the corner.

¹⁹ Simon Cephas and John answered, and said to them: Whether it be right before God, that we hearken to you more than to God, judge ye. ²⁰ For we cannot but speak that which we have seen and heard.

¹⁷ And the high priest was filled with indignation, and all those with him who were of the doctrine of the Sadducees.

²⁶ Then went the rulers with attendants, to bring them without violence; for they feared, lest the people should stone them.

²⁹ And Simon, with the legates, answered and said to them: God is to be obeyed, rather than men.

³⁷ And after him, rose up Judas a Galilean, in the days when the people were enrolled for the capitation tax; and he seduced much people after him. And he died, and all they that went after him were dispersed.

⁴¹ And they went from before them, rejoicing that they were worthy to suffer abuse on account of that name.

¹² And they excited the people, and the Elders, and the Scribes; and they came, and rose upon him, and seized him, and carried him into the midst of the council.

²⁷ But he who did the wrong to his fellow, repulsed him from him, and said to him: Who constituted thee a ruler and a judge over us?

³⁰ And when forty years had been passed by him there, the angel of the Lord appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sinai, in a fire that burned in a bush. ³¹ And when Moses saw it, he admired the sight: and as he drew near to behold it, the Lord said to him, audibly : ³² I am the God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob. And Moses trembled, and dared not to gaze at the sight.

³⁵ This Moses, whom they rejected, saying, Who constituted thee a ruler and judge over us? this same did God, by the hand of the angel that appeared to him in the bush, send to them to be their captain and deliverer. ³⁶ He it was that brought them out, working signs and wonders and prodigies in the land of Egypt, and at the sea of rushes, and in the desert, forty years. ³⁷ This Moses is the man who said to the children of Israel: A prophet, like me, will the Lord God raise up to you from among your brethren; to him give ear. ³⁸ He it was, who was in the congregation in the wilderness, with the angel that conversed with him and with our fathers at mount Sinai; and he it was, received the living words to give them to us. ³⁹ And our fathers would not hearken to him, but forsook him, and in their hearts returned again to Egypt;

⁵¹ O ye stiff of neck, and uncircumcised in their heart, and in their hearing; ye do always set yourselves against the Holy Spirit; as your fathers, so also ye. ⁵² For, which of the prophets did not your fathers persecute and kill, even them, who foretold the coming of the Just One, whom ye delivered up and slew?

³⁴ And Simon opened his mouth, and said: Truly I discover that God is no respecter of persons. ³⁵ but, among all the nations, he who feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is acceptable with him.

²⁸ And one of them whose name was Agabus, stood up and informed them, by the Spirit, that there would be a great famine in all the country. And that famine occurred in the days of Claudius Caesar.

²⁵ And while John was fulfilling his ministry, he said: Who, suppose ye, that I am? I am not he. But lo, he cometh after me; of whom I am not worthy to untie his shoe-strings.

³³ lo, God hath fulfilled it to us their children, in that he raised up Jesus; as it is written in the second psalm: Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee. ³⁴ And God hath so raised him from the dead, that he will not return again and see corruption; as he said: I will give to you the sure grace of David. ³⁵ And again he said, in another place: Thou hast not given thy devout one to see corruption.

⁴⁶ And Paul and Barnabas said openly: To you first, ought the word of God to be spoken; but because ye repel it from you, and decide, against yourselves, that ye are not worthy of life eternal, lo, we turn ourselves to the Gentiles.

⁶ And, as Paul knew that a part of the people were of the Sadducees, and a part of the Pharisees, he cried out, in the assembly: Men, my brethren; I am a Pharisee the son of a Pharisee; and for the hope of the resurrection of the dead, I am judged. ⁷ And when he had said this, the Pharisees and Sadducees fell upon one another, and the people were divided ⁸ For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, nor angels, nor a spirit: but the Pharisees confess all these. ⁹ And there was great vociferation. And some Scribes of the party of the Pharisees rose up, and contended with them, and said. We have found nothing evil in this man: for if a spirit or an angel hath conversed with him, what is there in that?

¹⁵ And I have a hope in God, which they also themselves expect, that there is to be a resurrection of the dead, both of the righteous and the wicked.

⁸ Meanwhile Paul maintained, that he had committed no offence, either against the Jewish law, or against the temple, or against Caesar. ⁹ But Festus, because he was disposed to conciliate the favor of the Jews, said to Paul: Wilt thou go up to Jerusalem, and there be tried before me for these things? ¹⁰ Paul replied, and said: I stand before Caesar's tribunal: here I ought to be tried. Against the Jews I have committed no offence, as thou also well knowest. ¹¹ If I had committed any crime, or done any thing worthy of death, I would not refuse to die. But if none of the things of which they accuse me, is upon me, no one may sacrifice me to their pleasure. I announce an appeal to Caesar. ¹² Then Festus conferred with his counsellors, and said: Hast thou declared an appeal to Caesar? Unto Caesar shalt thou go.

³² And Agrippa said to Festus: The man might be set at liberty, if he had not announced an appeal to Caesar.

³ concerning his Son, (who was born in the flesh, of seed of the house of David, ⁴ and was made known as the Son of God, by power, and by the Holy Spirit,) who arose from the dead, Jesus Messiah, our Lord,

¹⁹ Now we know, that whatever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law; that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world be guilty before God.

¹⁰ For in dying, he died for sin, once; and in living, he liveth unto God. ¹¹ So also do ye account yourselves as being dead to sin, and alive to God, through our Lord Jesus Messiah.

²² And now, as ye have been emancipated from sin, and have become servants to God, your fruits are holy; and the result thereof is life everlasting. ²³ For the wages of sin is death; but the free gift of God is life eternal, through our Lord Jesus Messiah.

⁴ And now, my brethren, ye also have become dead to the law, by the body of Messiah; that ye might be joined to another, even to him who arose from the dead; and might yield fruits unto God.

³ Inasmuch as the law was impotent, by means of the weakness of the flesh, God sent his Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, on account of sin; that He might, in his flesh, condemn sin;

¹⁷ And if sons, then heirs; heirs of God, and participators of the inheritance of Jesus Messiah: so that, if we suffer with him, we shall also be glorified with him.

¹⁷ And if sons, then heirs; heirs of God, and participators of the inheritance of Jesus Messiah: so that, if we suffer with him, we shall also be glorified with him. ¹⁸ For I reckon, that the sufferings of the present time, are not comparable with the glory which is to be developed in us. ¹⁹ For the whole creation is hoping and waiting for the development of the sons of God. ²⁰ For the creation was subjected to vanity, not by its own choice, but because of him who subjected it, ²¹ in the hope, that also the creation itself would be emancipated from the bondage of corruption, into the liberty of the glory of the sons of God. ²² For we know, that all the creatures are groaning and travailing in pain unto this day. ²³ And not only they, but we also in whom are the first fruits of the Spirit, we groan within ourselves, and look anxiously for the adoption of sons, the redemption of our bodies.

⁵ and from among whom, Messiah appeared in the flesh, who is God over all; to whom be praises and benediction, for ever and ever; Amen.

¹⁰ Be affectionate to your brethren: and love one another. Be foremost in honoring one another.

⁶ For this cause also ye pay tribute money; for they are the ministers of God, established for these same objects. ⁷ Render therefore to every one, as is due to him; tribute-money, to whom tribute-money; and excise, to whom excise; and fear, to whom fear; and honor, to whom honor.

⁷ For there is not one of us, who liveth for himself: and there is not one, who dieth for himself. ⁸ Because, if we live, to our Lord it is we live; or if we die, to our Lord it is we die. Whether we live, therefore, or whether we die, we are our Lord's. ⁹ Moreover, for this cause Messiah died, and revived, and arose; that he might be Lord of the dead and of the living.

⁶ I planted, and Apollos watered; but God produced the growth. ⁷ Not therefore he that planted, is to be accounted of, nor he that watered, but God who produced the growth. ⁸ And he that planted, and he that watered are on a par; each receiveth his reward, according to his labor. ⁹ For we labor with God: and ye are God's husbandry, and God's edifice.

¹⁹ For the wisdom of this world is fatuity with God: for it is written, He catcheth the wise in their own craftiness.

² But, on account of whoredom, let each have his own wife and let a woman have her own husband. ³ And let the man render to his wife the kindness which is due; and so also the woman to her husband. ⁴ The woman is not the sovereign over her body, but her husband: so also the man is not the sovereign over his body, but the wife. ⁵ Therefore, deprive not one another, except when ye both consent, at the time ye devote yourselves to fasting and prayer; and return again to the same disposition, that Satan tempt you not because of the concupiscence of your body. ⁶ But this I say, as to weak persons, not of positive precept. ⁷ For I would that all men might be like me in purity. But every man is endowed with his gift of God; one thus, and another so. ⁸ And I say to them who have no wives, and to widows, that it is advantageous to them to remain as I am. ⁹ But if they cannot endure it, let them marry: for it is more profitable to take a wife, than to burn with concupiscence. ¹⁰ And on them who have wives, I enjoin,-not I, but my Lord,-that the woman separate not from her husband. ¹¹ And if she separate, let her remain without a husband, or be reconciled to her husband; and let not the man put away his wife. ¹² And to the rest, say I,- I, not my Lord,-that if there be a brother, who hath a wife that believeth not, and she is disposed to dwell with him, let him not put her away. ¹³ And that woman, who hath a husband that believeth not, and he is disposed to dwell with her let her not forsake her husband. ¹⁴ For the husband who believeth not, is sanctified by the wife that believeth; and the wife who believeth not, is sanctified by the husband that believeth: otherwise their children would be impure; but now are they pure. ¹⁵ But if the unbeliever separateth, let him separate: A brother or sister is not in bondage in such cases: it is to peace, God hath called us. ¹⁶ For how knowest thou, O wife, whether thou wilt procure life to thy husband? Or, thou husband, knowest thou, whether thou wilt procure life to thy wife?

⁹ Neither let us tempt the Messiah, as some of them tempted; and serpents destroyed them.

³¹ If therefore ye eat, or if ye drink, or if ye do any thing, do all things for the glory of God.

¹² And if the Messiah is proclaimed, as rising from the dead; how is it that there are some among you, who say, There is no reviviscence of the dead?

²⁵ For he is to reign, until he shall put all his enemies under his feet. ²⁶ And the last enemy, death, will be abolished.

⁴² So also in the reviviscence of the dead. They are sown in corruption, they arise without corruption:

⁴⁹ And as we have worn the likeness of him from the dust, so shall we wear the likeness of him from heaven.

⁵² suddenly, as in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet, when it shall sound; and the dead will arise, without corruption; and we shall be changed. ⁵³ For this which is corruptible, is to put on incorruption; and that which dieth, will put on immortality. ⁵⁴ And when this that is corruptible, shall put on incorruption, and this that dieth, immortality; then will take place the word that is written, " Death is absorbed in victory."

¹⁷ For we are not like others, who dilute the words of God; but as of the truth, and as of God, we speak in the Messiah before God.

¹⁶ or what agreement hath the temple of God with that of demons? For ye are the temple of the living God; as it is said, I will dwell among them, and walk among them, and will be their God, and they shall be my people.

⁴ For, though he was crucified in weakness, yet he liveth with the power of God. We also are weak with him; yet we are alive with him, by that power of God which is among you.

¹⁰ For do I now persuade men, or God? Or do I seek to please men? For if I had till now pleased men, I should not have been a servant of the Messiah.

⁶ And they who were esteemed prominent, (what they were, I care not; for God regardeth not the persons of men,)even these persons added nothing to me.

⁴ But when the consummation of the time arrived, God sent forth his Son; and he was from a woman, and was under the law;

³¹ For this reason, a man should quit his father and his mother, and adhere to his wife; and the two should be one flesh.

³ And do nothing in strife, or in vain glory; but, with lowliness of mind, let each esteem his neighbor as better than himself. ⁴ And let not each be solicitous only for himself, but every one also for his neighbor. ⁵ And think ye so in yourselves, as Jesus the Messiah also thought;

²¹ who will change the body of our abasement, that it may have the likeness of the body of his glory, according to his great power, whereby all things are made subject to him.

²² All the saints salute you, especially those of Caesar's household.

³ for ye are dead; and your life is hidden with the Messiah, in God. ⁴ And when the Messiah, who is our life, shall be manifested, then shall ye also be manifested with him in glory.

⁶ And let your speech at all times be with grace; as it were, seasoned with salt: and know ye, how ye ought to give answer to every man.

² but we first suffered and were treated with indignity, as ye know, at Philippi; and then, in a great agony, with confidence in our God, we addressed to you the gospel of the Messiah.

⁴ but as we had been approved of God to be intrusted with the gospel, so we speak, not as pleasing men, but God who searcheth our hearts. ⁵ For at no time have we used flattering speech; as ye know; nor a cloak of cupidity, God is witness.

⁵ For at no time have we used flattering speech; as ye know; nor a cloak of cupidity, God is witness.

¹⁶ and they forbid us to speak to the Gentiles, that they may have life; to fill up their sins at all times. And wrath cometh on them to the uttermost.

¹³ And, I wish you to know, my brethren, that ye should not mourn over them who have fallen asleep, like other people who have no hope. ¹⁴ For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them who sleep, will God, by Jesus, bring with him. ¹⁵ And this we say to you, by the word of our Lord, that we who may survive and be alive, at the coming of our Lord, shall not precede them who have slept. ¹⁶ Because our Lord will himself descend from heaven, with the mandate, and with the voice of the chief angel, and with the trump of God; and the dead who are in the Messiah, will first arise; ¹⁷ and then, we who survive and are alive shall be caught up together with them to the clouds, to meet our Lord in the air; and so shall we be ever with our Lord.

⁵ for a demonstration of the righteous judgment of God; that ye may be worthy of his kingdom, on account of which ye suffer.

¹⁰ and with all the deceptiveness of iniquity, in them that perish; because they did not receive the love of the truth, by which they might have life. ¹¹ Therefore God will send upon them the operation of deception, that they may believe a lie; ¹² and that they all may be condemned, who believe not the truth, but have pleasure in iniquity.

¹⁶ and truly great, is this mystery of righteousness, which was revealed in the flesh, and justified in the spirit, and seen by angels, and proclaimed among the Gentiles, and believed on in the world, and received up into glory.

²⁰ Those who sin before all rebuke; that the rest of the people may fear.

¹⁷ And their discourse, like an eating cancer, will lay hold upon many. And one of these is Hymeneus, and another Philetus; ¹⁸ who have wandered from the truth, while they say, The resurrection of the dead hath passed: and they subvert the faith of some.

² and men will be lovers of themselves, and lovers of money, boasters, proud, censorious, unyielding towards their own people, denyers of grace, wicked, ³ calumniators, addicted to concupiscence, ferocious, haters of the good, ⁴ treacherous, rash, inflated, attached to pleasure more than to the love of God, ⁵ having a form of respect for God, but wide from the power of God. Them who are such, repel from thee. ⁶ For of them are they who creep into this and that house, and captivate the women who are plunged in sins and led away by divers lusts,

⁸ Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so also do these withstand the truth: men whose mind is corrupted, and they reprobates from the faith. ⁹ But they will not make progress, for their infatuation will be understood by every one, as theirs also was understood.

¹⁵ And do thou also beware of him; for he is very insolent against our words.

¹⁰ For many are unsubmissive, and their discourses vain; and they mislead the minds of people, especially such as are of the circumcision.

¹⁶ And they profess that they know God, but in their works they deny him; and they are odious, and disobedient, and to every good work reprobates.

² But in these latter days, he hath conversed with us, by his Son; whom he hath constituted heir of all things, and by whom he made the worlds;

¹³ And to which of the angels did he ever say Sit thou at my right hand, until I shall place thy enemies a footstool under thy feet?

⁷ Because the Holy Spirit hath said: To-day, if ye will hear his voice,

¹³ neither is there any creature, which is concealed from before him; but every thing is naked and manifest before his eyes, to whom we are to give account.

²⁷ And, as it is appointed to men, that they must once die, and after their death is the judgment;

¹⁶ But now it is manifest that they longed for a better city than that, namely, for that which is in heaven. Therefore God did not refuse to be called their God; for he prepared for them the city.

³⁵ and restored to women their children, by a resurrection from the dead. And some died under tortures, and did not hope to escape, that there might be for them a better resurrection; ³⁶ and others endured mockings and, scourgings; others were delivered up to bonds and prisons; ³⁷ others were stoned; others were sawed; others died by the edge of the sword; others roamed about clothed in sheep skins and goat skins, and were needy, and afflicted, and agitated;

⁴ Marriage is honorable in all; and their bed undefiled: but whoremongers and adulterers, God will judge.

¹² For this reason, Jesus also, that he might sanctify his people with his blood, suffered without the city.

¹ Let there not be many teachers among you, my brethren; but know ye, that we are obnoxious to, a severer judgment.

⁷ On you therefore who believe, is this honor conferred: but to them who believe not, ⁸ he is a stone of stumbling and a rock of offence. And they stumble at it, because they believe not the word: whereto they were appointed.

¹³ And be ye submissive to all the sons of men, for God's sake; to kings, on account of their authority; ¹⁴ and to judges, because they are sent by him for the punishment of offenders, and for the praise of them that do well. ¹⁵ For so is the pleasure of God, that by your good deeds ye may stop the mouth of the foolish, who know not God: ¹⁶ as free men, yet not like men who make their freedom a cloak for their wickedness, but as the servants of God. ¹⁷ Honor all men; love your brethren; fear God; and honor kings.

¹¹ Whoever will speak, let him speak as the word of God: and whoever will minister, as of the ability that God hath given him: so that in all ye do, God may be glorified, through Jesus the Messiah; to whom belongeth glory, and honor, for ever and ever. Amen.

³ And, in the cupidity of raving words, they will make merchandise of you: whose judgment, of a long time, is not idle; and their destruction slumbereth not.

³ knowing this previously, that there will come in the last days scoffers, who will scoff, walking according to their own lusts;

¹ And ye see, how great is the love of the Father towards us, who hath called us sons, and made us such. Therefore the world knoweth us not, because it likewise knoweth him not. ² My beloved, now are we the sons of God; and hitherto, it hath not appeared what we are to be: but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be in his likeness, and we shall see him as he is.

⁹ By this was the love of God towards us made known, because God sent his only-begotten Son into the world, that we by him might live. ¹⁰ In this is love; it was not that we loved God, but that God loved us, and sent his Son a propitiation for our sins. ¹¹ My beloved, if God hath so loved us, we also ought to love one another. ¹² No one hath ever seen God; but if we love one another, God abideth in us, and his love is perfected in us. ¹³ And by this we know, that we abide in him and that he abideth in us, because he hath given of his Spirit to us. ¹⁴ And we have seen, and do testify, that the Father hath sent his Son, a Redeemer for the world. ¹⁵ Whoever confesseth Jesus to be the Son of God, God abideth in him, and he abideth in God.

⁹ I was desirous of writing to the church; but he who loveth to be foremost among them, Diotrephes, receiveth us not.

⁴ Yet thou hast a few names in Sardis, who have not defiled their garments; and they shall walk with me in white, for they are worthy.

⁶ And I looked, and in the midst of the Elders stood a lamb, as if slain; and it had seven horns, and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God that are sent into all the earth. ⁷ And he came, and took the book from the right hand of him who sat on the throne. ⁸ And when he took the book, the four Animals and the twenty and four Elders fell down before the Lamb, each of them having a harp, and cups of gold full of odors, which are the supplications of the saints. ⁹ And they sung a new anthem, saying: Competent art thou, to take the book, and to open the seals thereof; because thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood, out of every tribe, and tongue, and people, and nation; ¹⁰ and thou hast made them kings and priests to our God; and they reign on the earth. ¹¹ And I looked, and I heard, as it were the voice of many angels, around the throne, and the Animals and the Elders; and the number of them was a myriad of myriads, and thousand of thousands, ¹² who said, with a loud voice; Competent is the Lamb that was slain, to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and glory, and blessing; ¹³ and to be over every created thing, that is in heaven, or on earth, or under the earth, or in the sea; and all that are in them. And I heard him who sat on the throne say: Unto the Lamb be given, blessing, and honor, and glory, and power, for ever and ever. ¹⁴ And the four Animals said: Amen. And the Elders fell down, and adored.

⁹ And after these things, I looked, and lo, a great multitude, which no one could number, from all kindreds, and nations, and tribes, and tongues; who stood before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, and palms in their hands; ¹⁰ and they cried, with a loud voice, saying: Salvation to our God, to him who sitteth on the throne, and to the Lamb. ¹¹ And all the angels stood around the throne and the Elders and the four Animals; and they fell upon their faces before his throne, and worshipped God, ¹² saying: Amen. Blessing, and glory, and wisdom, and thanksgiving, and honor, and power, and might, be to our God, for ever and ever: Amen.

¹⁵ Therefore are they before the throne of God; and they serve him day and night, in his temple; and he who sitteth on the throne, will protect them: ¹⁶ they will not hunger, nor thirst any more; nor will the sun fall on them, nor any heat. ¹⁷ Because the Lamb, which is in the midst of the throne, will feed them; and will lead them to fountains of living water; and God will wipe every tear from their eyes.

¹⁴ And the soldiery of heaven followed him, on white horses, clad in garments of fine linen, pure and white. ¹⁵ And from his mouth issued a sharp two-edged sword, that with it he could smite the nations; and he will rule the nations with a rod of iron; and he will tread the wine-press of the wrath of God Almighty. ¹⁶ And he hath upon his vesture and upon his thigh the words written: King of kings, and Lord of lords. ¹⁷ And I saw an angel standing in the sun; and he cried with a loud voice, saying to all the fowls that fly in the midst of heaven: Come ye, assemble unto this great supper of God; ¹⁸ that ye may eat the flesh of kings, and the flesh of captains of thousands, and the flesh of valiant men, and the flesh of horses and of those who sit on them, and the flesh of all the free-born and of slaves, and of the small and the great. ¹⁹ And I saw the beast of prey, and the kings of the earth, and their warriors, that they assembled to wage battle with him who sat on the white horse, and with his warriors. ²⁰ And the beast of prey was captured, and the false prophet that was with him, who did those prodigies before him, whereby he seduced them who had received the mark of the beast of prey and who worshipped his image. And they were both cast alive into the lake of fire, which burneth with sulphur. ²¹ And the rest were slain by the sword of him that sat on the horse, by that sword which issueth from his mouth: and all the fowls were satiated with their flesh.

⁶ Blessed and holy is he that hath part in this first resurrection: over them the second death hath no dominion; but they shall be, nay are, priests of God and of his Messiah; and they will reign with him the thousand years.

⁴ And every tear will be wiped from their eyes; and there will no more be death, nor mourning, nor wailing; nor shall pain be any more; because the former things are passed away.

¹ And he showed me a river of living water, transparent as crystal, which proceeded from the throne of God and the Lamb. ² And in the middle of its broad avenue, and near the river, on this side and on that, was the tree of life; which bore twelve sorts of fruits yielding one of its fruits each month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations. ³ And there will be no blight any more: and the throne of God and the Lamb will be in it; and his servants will minister to him. ⁴ And they will see his face, and his name will be on their foreheads. ⁵ And there will be no more night; and they have no need of the light of a candle, or of the light of the sun; because the Lord God giveth them light: and they will reign for ever and ever.

⁹ And he said to me: See, thou do it not: I am thy fellow-servant, and of thy brethren the prophets, and of them that observe the words of this book. Worship God.

¹⁶ I Jesus have sent my angel, to testify to you these things before the churches. I am the root and offspring of David: like the splendid star of the morning.