Revelation 18 Cross References - Etheridge

¹ AFTER these I saw another angel descending from heaven, having great power; and the earth brightened with his glory. ² And he cried with a mighty voice, saying, Fallen, fallen hath Babel the Great, and hath become a den of demons, and the keep of every unclean spirit, and the keep of every unclean and abominable bird, and the keep of every unclean and abominable beast of prey. ³ For that of the wine of her rage have all nations drunk; and the kings of the earth have with her committed fornication, and the merchants of the earth from the power of her luxuriance have become rich. ⁴ And I heard another voice from heaven, saying: COME OUT OF HER, MY PEOPLE, that you be not partakers of her sins, and lest of her plagues you receive. ⁵ For her sins have reached [Lit. adhered.] unto heaven, and Aloha hath remembered her iniquity. ⁶ Deal with her as she hath dealt with you, and double to her according to her works. In the cup which she mingled mingle to her double. ⁷ How much she hath pleased herself to be wanton, all this give her suffering and sorrow. For she said in her heart, I sit the queen, and am not a widow, and sorrow I see not. ⁸ Therefore in one day will come these her plagues, death and sorrow and hunger; and in fire she will burn, for mighty is the Lord God who judgeth her. ⁹ And the kings of the earth who with her have committed fornication, and have been wanton, shall weep and lament and wail over her, when they see the smoke of her burning; ¹⁰ standing from far, for fear of her torment, saying, Woe, woe, that great city Babel, that mighty city! For in one hour hath come thy judgment. ¹¹ And the merchants of the earth shall be sorrowful over her, because no man buyeth of their burden. ¹² No more (shall there be in thee) the burden of gold, and of silver and of precious stones, and of pearls; and of fine linen, and of purple, and of silk and scarlet; and of every aromatic wood, and every vessel of elephant's-tooth, and every vessel of wood of great price, and of brass and of iron and of marble; ¹³ and cinnamon and omomun* and perfumes, and ointment and frankincense and wine and oil, and fine meal, and wheat, and cattle, and slaves, and horses and chariots, and bodies and souls of men. [* Spikenard. Gr. text, - which the Syr. retains untranslated.] ¹⁴ And the fruit of the desire of thy soul hath gone from thee, and all those things which are delicious and brilliant have perished from thee, and the merchants of these things will find them no more. ¹⁵ They who were made rich by her from afar will stand for fear of her torment, and wail and be sorrowful, ¹⁶ saying, Woe, woe, that great city, which was arrayed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, and golded with gold, and (adorned) with precious stones and pearls; for in one hour hath been destroyed wealth like this. ¹⁷ And every captain and every pilot who navigateth to the place, and the mariners, and all who serve on the sea, stood from afar, ¹⁸ and cried, while beholding the smoke of her burning, saying, What is like to this great city! ¹⁹ And they cast dust upon their heads, and cried, weeping and lamenting, and saying, Woe, woe, that great city, in which were made rich all they who have ships in the sea, from the preciousness of her! For in one hour she becometh desolate! ²⁰ Rejoice over her, heaven, and the angels and apostles and prophets, because Aloha hath judged your judgment upon her. ²¹ And an angel took a stone, as a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with force is cast down Babel the great city, and to be found no more. ²² And the voice of harpers, and of musicians, and of singers, and of trumpeters, shall be heard in thee no more. And no artificer, nor art, shall more be found in thee. ²³ And the light of a lamp shall be seen in thee no more. And the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard in thee no more. For thy merchants were the great ones of the earth; for by thy sorcery were all nations seduced. ²⁴ And in her was found the blood of prophets and of saints, and of all those who had been killed upon the earth.

⁵ But they despised (it), and went, one to his domain, and another to his business.

²⁷ Woe to you, scribes and Pharishee, hypocrites! for you are like whited sepulchres, which without appear beautiful, but within are full of the bones of the dead and all impurity.

³⁰ and say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been with them partakers in the blood of the prophets:

³⁵ So that there shall come upon you all the blood of the just which hath been shed upon the earth; from the blood of Habil the righteous, unto the blood of Zakaria-bar-Barakia, whom you slew between the temple and the altar.

¹⁵ But when you see the unclean sign of desolation which was spoken of by Daniel the prophet, that it standeth in the holy place; - he who readeth let him understand! ¹⁶ - then let those who are in Jehud escape to the mountain.

³ and he dwelt in the place of tombs; and with chains no man could bind him: ⁴ for, so often as with shackles and chains he had been bound, the chains he had broken, and the shackles he had burst asunder; and no man could subdue him. ⁵ And at all time, by night and by day, he was in the place of tombs, and in the mountains, crying out, and bruising himself with stones.

¹⁷ And he taught, and said to them, Is it not written, That my house the house of prayer shall be called of all nations? but you have made it a den of thieves.

²⁵ If not, what went you forth to see? a man clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they who are clothed in bright vestments, and are (living) in pleasures, are in the house of kings.

²⁷ And when he had gone forth to the land, there met him a certain man from the city, who had a devil in him a great time, and (who) wore no clothes, and in a house dwelt not, but in the place of the buried. ²⁸ But when he saw Jeshu, he cried out, and fell before him, and said in a high voice, What to us and to thee, Jeshu, son of Aloha Marima? [God the Most High.] I beseech of thee, torment me not.

⁴⁷ Woe to you! for you build the tombs of the prophets whom your fathers killed: ⁴⁸ thus you bear witness that you consent in the deeds of your fathers; for they killed them, and you build their sepulchres. ⁴⁹ ON this account also Wisdom saith, Behold, I will send to them prophets and apostles; and of them they will persecute and kill;

⁴⁹ ON this account also Wisdom saith, Behold, I will send to them prophets and apostles; and of them they will persecute and kill; ⁵⁰ that the blood of all the prophets which hath been shed from the creation of the world may be required from this generation.

⁵⁰ that the blood of all the prophets which hath been shed from the creation of the world may be required from this generation. ⁵¹ From the blood of Habil unto the blood of Zakaria who was killed between the temple and the altar: yes, I tell you, It shall be required of this generation.

²⁰ But Aloha said to him, Reasonless (man)! [Chasir reyona, wanting reason.] this night thy soul they shall require of thee; and then, (the things) which thou hast prepared, whose shall they be?

¹⁹ NOW there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in byssos* and purple, and every day feasted gaily.** [* Butso, Hebrew, buts; (2Ch 5:12); an Egyptian linen, extremely fine, soft, and white. ** Gayóith.] ²⁰ And there was a certain poor man, whose name was Loózar; and he lay at the gate of him who was rich, bruised with wounds, ²¹ and desired to fill his belly with the crumbs which fell from the table of that rich. And also the dogs came and licked his wounds. ²² Now that poor man died, and angels conducted him to the bosom of Abraham: but that rich man also died, and was buried. ²³ And, tormented in shiul, he lifted up his eyes afar, and seeth Abraham, and Loózar in his bosom. ²⁴ And he cried with a high voice, and said, My father Abraham, have compassion upon me, and send Loózar, that he may dip the top of his finger in waters, and moisten my tongue; for, behold, I am tormented in this flame. ²⁵ Abraham said to him, My son, remember that thou didst receive thy goods in thy life, and Loózar his evils, and now, behold, he reposeth here, and thou art tormented.

²⁵ Abraham said to him, My son, remember that thou didst receive thy goods in thy life, and Loózar his evils, and now, behold, he reposeth here, and thou art tormented. ²⁶ And with all these, there is a great void set between us and you, that they who would pass from hence unto you are not able, nor they also who would pass from thence to us. ²⁷ He said to him, I pray thee, then, my father, to send him unto my father's house: ²⁸ for five brethren have I; let him go and testify unto them, that they also come not to this place of torment. ²⁹ Abraham said to him, They have Musha and the prophets, let them hear them. ³⁰ But he said to him, No, my father Abraham, but if one from the dead shall go unto them, they repent. ³¹ Abraham saith to him, If Musha and the prophets they hear not, neither, if one from the dead should rise, would they believe him.

²⁴ For as the lightning lighteneth from heaven, and illuminateth all beneath the heaven, so shall be the Son of man in his day.

⁷ But shall not Aloha do vengeance for his chosen, who cry to him by day and by night, and prolong his spirit towards [Or, upon them.] them? ⁸ I tell you he will avenge them speedily. Nevertheless, when the Son of man shall come, will he find faith upon the earth?

¹⁶ And to those who sold doves he said, Take these hence; make not the house of my Father a house of merchandise.

³ But Mariam took a vase of balsam of the finest nard, great in price, and anointed the feet of Jeshu, and wiped with her hair his feet, and the house was filled with the fragrance of the balsam. ⁴ And Jihuda Scarjuta, one of his disciples, he who would betray him said, ⁵ Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred dinoreen, and given to the poor? ⁶ But this he said, not because for the poor he had care, but because he was a thief, and the purse was with him, and whatever fell into it he carried. ⁷ But Jeshu said, Let her alone. For the day of my burial had she kept it. ⁸ In all time the poor you have with you; but me you have not at all time.

⁵² For which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted and slain? they who before announced the coming of the Righteous; him whom you delivered up and slew.

¹¹ And they were persuaded by him, because that much time by his sorceries he had astonished them.

¹⁹ And when her lords saw that the hope of their gain had gone from her, they laid hold on Paulos and Shilo and drew them to the public place,

²⁴ For there was a certain worker of silver there whose name was Dimitrios, who made shrines of silver of Artemis, and he produced for the sons of his art great gains. ²⁵ This (man) assembled all the sons of his art and those who wrought with them, and said to them, Men, you know that all our merchandise is from this work; ²⁶ and you also hear and see, that not only the sons of Ephesos, but also many of all Asia, this Paulos persuadeth, and hath perverted them, saying, that there be no gods which by the hands of men are made. ²⁷ And not only is this business defamed and brought to an end, but also the temple of Artemis the great goddess is reputed as nothing, and she also, the goddess of all Asia, and (whom) all the nations worship, is despised.

⁶ But these became an example for us; that we should not desire evils, as they desired;

²² Or, do we provoke the Lord? are we stronger than he?

¹⁷ Wherefore come out from among them, and be separate from them, (saith the Lord,) and the impure touch not; and I will receive you,

²⁰ and you are builded upon the foundation of the apostles and of the prophets, and Jeshu the Meshiha himself is the chief corner of the building;

⁵ which in other generations was not known to the sons of men, as it hath now been revealed to his holy apostles and to his prophets by the Spirit;

¹¹ And he gave some who (are) apostles, and some who (are) prophets, and some who (are) evangelists, and some who (are) pastors, and some who (are) doctors;

¹⁵ who killed our Lord Jeshu Meshiha, and the prophets who were of them, and ourselves have persecuted, and Aloha have not pleased, and have acted adversely to all men;

⁴ He who is the adversary, and is exalted over all who is called God and Venerable; so that also in the temple of Aloha as Aloha he will sit, and will make manifest of himself as that he is Aloha. ⁵ Do you not remember, that, when I was with you, these I told you? ⁶ And now you know what [with]holdeth, that he may be revealed in his time. ⁷ For the mystery of iniquity already beginneth to be effective; only if that which now holdeth be taken from the midst, ⁸ then will be revealed that evil one, whom our Lord Jeshu will consume by the spirit of his mouth, and will abolish by the revelation of his advent.

⁸ then will be revealed that evil one, whom our Lord Jeshu will consume by the spirit of his mouth, and will abolish by the revelation of his advent.

¹⁰ and fornicators, and liers with men, and stealers of the free, and liars, and doers against an oath and whatever (else) is opposed to the healthful doctrine

²² The hand suddenly on any man lay not, neither participate in others' sins. Keep thyself in purity.

¹⁴ Alexander the brass-worker many evils hath showed me: our Lord awardeth to him according to his deeds.

² You desire, and have not; you kill and are emulous, yet it cometh not into your hands; you strive and make wars, and nothing have because you do not ask;

¹ BUT there were false prophets in the world, as also among you there will be false teachers, they who introduce heresies of destruction,[Abadono.] and, the Lord who bought them denying, bring upon themselves swift destruction. ² And many will go after their wickedness; they, on account of whom the way of truth will be blasphemed. ³ And with fraudulency [Olubutho is used both for avaritia and defraudatio.] of deceptive words will they make merchandise of you; they, whose judgment (denounced) before tarrieth not, and whose destruction doth not sleep.

³ And with fraudulency [Olubutho is used both for avaritia and defraudatio.] of deceptive words will they make merchandise of you; they, whose judgment (denounced) before tarrieth not, and whose destruction doth not sleep.

² That you may remember the words which were before spoken by the holy prophets, and the commandments of our Lord and our Saviour (delivered) by the apostles.

¹⁶ For every thing that is in the world, is the lust of the body, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of the world. These which are not of the Father, but they are from the world itself. ¹⁷ And the world passeth, (both) it and its lusts; but he who doeth the will of Aloha, continueth for ever.

¹¹ For he who saith to him, "Farewell," becometh a participator of his evil deeds.

¹⁷ But you, my beloved, remember those words which before were spoken by the apostles of our Lord Jeshu Meshiha,

¹⁵ and his feet were like refined brass,* which flamed as in a furnace, and his voice as the voice of many waters. [* Nechosho Lebanonoio. The - of the Greek text.]

² And I saw a mighty angel who proclaimed with a great voice: Who is worthy to open the book, and to loose the seals thereof?

¹⁰ And they cried with a great voice, saying, Until when, O Lord, holy (and) true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on those who dwell upon the earth?

¹ AND I saw another mighty angel descending from heaven, clothed (with a) cloud, and the bow of the cloud (was) upon his head; and his countenance was as the sun, and his feet as columns of fire.

³ and cried with a great voice, as the roar of a lion. And when he had cried, seven thunders spoke their voices.

⁷ And when they shall have completed their testimony, the beast of prey, which ascended from the abyss, will make war against them, and overcome them, [and kill them, Ibid.]

¹⁷ saying, We give thanks to thee, Lord God omnipotent, who art, and who wast; because thou hast taken thy great power, and hast reigned.

⁸ And they could not prevail, and their place was found no more in heaven. ⁹ And the great dragon was cast down, the old serpent, who is called the Deceiver, and the Adversary, which seduceth the whole habitable world. And he was cast upon the earth, and his angels with him were cast.

¹² Wherefore let the heavens be glad, and those who dwell in them. Woe to the earth and to the sea! Because the deceiver hath gone down to you, having great indignation, knowing that little time is to him.

⁴ And they worshipped the dragon because he had given authority to the beast of prey, [saying, Who is like the beast of prey, Polyglots.] and who is able to make war with him?

¹⁰ If any man into captivity leadeth, into captivity he shall go. If any man kill with the sword, it behoveth him by the sword to be killed. This is the patience and the faith of the saints.

¹³ And he wrought great signs, as that also he would make fire to come down from heaven upon earth before men. ¹⁴ And he will seduce those who dwell upon earth to the making an image of the beast of prey who had the wound of the sword and lived. ¹⁵ And it was given to him to give spirit to the image of the beast of prey, [that the image also of the beast of prey should speak, Polyglots.] and to cause that all those whosoever who worshipped not the image of the beast of prey should be killed. ¹⁶ And he caused all, small and great, and rich and poor, and sons of freedom and slaves, to have given to them a signature upon their right hands, or upon their foreheads;

¹⁶ And he caused all, small and great, and rich and poor, and sons of freedom and slaves, to have given to them a signature upon their right hands, or upon their foreheads; ¹⁷ as that no man might be able to buy or sell, unless he had the signature of the name of the beast of prey, or the number of his name.

⁸ And another angel, a second, followed him, saying, Fallen, fallen is Babel the Great, which of the wine of the rage of her fornication hath made all nations to drink.

¹⁰ he also shall drink of the wine of the wrath of Aloha, which is mingled without sparing* in the cup of his anger. And he shall be tormented in fire and sulphur, before his holy angels and before the throne: [* Vide SCHLEUSNER, sub? (No. 2,) which is the word here incorporated into the Syrian text.] ¹¹ And the smoke of their torment for ever and ever will ascend. And they have no rest day and night who worship the beast of prey and his image.

¹⁵ And another angel came out of the temple, crying with a great voice to him who sat upon the cloud.

⁵ And I heard the angel of the waters saying, righteous art Thou, who art, and who wast, and just; because thou hast judged these. ⁶ For the blood of saints and of prophets have they shed, and blood to them hast thou given to drink for they are worthy.

⁶ For the blood of saints and of prophets have they shed, and blood to them hast thou given to drink for they are worthy.

¹³ And I saw from the mouth of the dragon, and from the mouth of the beast of prey, and from the mouth of the false prophet, three unclean spirits like frogs.

¹⁹ And the great city became three parts, and the city of the nations fell; and Babel the great was remembered before Aloha, to give to her the cup of the wine of the fury of his wrath. ²⁰ And every island fled, and the mountains were not found.

¹ AND one of the seven angels who had the seven vials came and spake with me, saying, Come; I will show thee the judgment of the great harlot, which sitteth upon many waters: ² with whom the kings of the earth have committed fornication, and they who dwell in the earth have been made drunk by the wine of her fornication.

⁴ And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet,[Zachurith.] and golden with gold [Madhabo b'dhabo.] and precious stones and pearls; having a cup of gold in her hand, full of pollutions and uncleanness of her fornications [by which she hath polluted] the earth. ⁵ And upon her forehead the name was written, Mystery: Babel the Great, the Mother of Harlots and of the Abominations of the Earth. ⁶ And I saw the woman drunk with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jeshu; and I wondered, when I saw, with great wonder. ⁷ And the angel said to me, Why wonderest thou? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and of the beast of prey which beareth her, which hath the seven heads and the ten horns.

¹² And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, the men who kingdom not yet have received; but authority as kings one hour receive with the beast of prey.

¹² And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, the men who kingdom not yet have received; but authority as kings one hour receive with the beast of prey. ¹³ They have one will, and their power and their authority unto the beast of prey they will give.

¹⁶ And the ten horns which thou sawest, and the beast of prey, will hate the harlot, and make her desolate and naked; and her flesh they will eat, and herself burn with fire.

¹⁸ And the woman which thou sawest is the great city which hath kingdom over the kings of the earth.

³ For that of the wine of her rage have all nations drunk; and the kings of the earth have with her committed fornication, and the merchants of the earth from the power of her luxuriance have become rich.

⁷ How much she hath pleased herself to be wanton, all this give her suffering and sorrow. For she said in her heart, I sit the queen, and am not a widow, and sorrow I see not. ⁸ Therefore in one day will come these her plagues, death and sorrow and hunger; and in fire she will burn, for mighty is the Lord God who judgeth her. ⁹ And the kings of the earth who with her have committed fornication, and have been wanton, shall weep and lament and wail over her, when they see the smoke of her burning;

⁹ And the kings of the earth who with her have committed fornication, and have been wanton, shall weep and lament and wail over her, when they see the smoke of her burning; ¹⁰ standing from far, for fear of her torment, saying, Woe, woe, that great city Babel, that mighty city! For in one hour hath come thy judgment.

¹⁰ standing from far, for fear of her torment, saying, Woe, woe, that great city Babel, that mighty city! For in one hour hath come thy judgment.

¹⁰ standing from far, for fear of her torment, saying, Woe, woe, that great city Babel, that mighty city! For in one hour hath come thy judgment. ¹¹ And the merchants of the earth shall be sorrowful over her, because no man buyeth of their burden.

¹¹ And the merchants of the earth shall be sorrowful over her, because no man buyeth of their burden.

¹¹ And the merchants of the earth shall be sorrowful over her, because no man buyeth of their burden. ¹² No more (shall there be in thee) the burden of gold, and of silver and of precious stones, and of pearls; and of fine linen, and of purple, and of silk and scarlet; and of every aromatic wood, and every vessel of elephant's-tooth, and every vessel of wood of great price, and of brass and of iron and of marble;

¹² No more (shall there be in thee) the burden of gold, and of silver and of precious stones, and of pearls; and of fine linen, and of purple, and of silk and scarlet; and of every aromatic wood, and every vessel of elephant's-tooth, and every vessel of wood of great price, and of brass and of iron and of marble; ¹³ and cinnamon and omomun* and perfumes, and ointment and frankincense and wine and oil, and fine meal, and wheat, and cattle, and slaves, and horses and chariots, and bodies and souls of men. [* Spikenard. Gr. text, - which the Syr. retains untranslated.]

¹³ and cinnamon and omomun* and perfumes, and ointment and frankincense and wine and oil, and fine meal, and wheat, and cattle, and slaves, and horses and chariots, and bodies and souls of men. [* Spikenard. Gr. text, - which the Syr. retains untranslated.] ¹⁴ And the fruit of the desire of thy soul hath gone from thee, and all those things which are delicious and brilliant have perished from thee, and the merchants of these things will find them no more.

¹⁴ And the fruit of the desire of thy soul hath gone from thee, and all those things which are delicious and brilliant have perished from thee, and the merchants of these things will find them no more. ¹⁵ They who were made rich by her from afar will stand for fear of her torment, and wail and be sorrowful,

¹⁵ They who were made rich by her from afar will stand for fear of her torment, and wail and be sorrowful,

¹⁵ They who were made rich by her from afar will stand for fear of her torment, and wail and be sorrowful, ¹⁶ saying, Woe, woe, that great city, which was arrayed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, and golded with gold, and (adorned) with precious stones and pearls; for in one hour hath been destroyed wealth like this.

¹⁶ saying, Woe, woe, that great city, which was arrayed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, and golded with gold, and (adorned) with precious stones and pearls; for in one hour hath been destroyed wealth like this. ¹⁷ And every captain and every pilot who navigateth to the place, and the mariners, and all who serve on the sea, stood from afar,

¹⁷ And every captain and every pilot who navigateth to the place, and the mariners, and all who serve on the sea, stood from afar,

¹⁷ And every captain and every pilot who navigateth to the place, and the mariners, and all who serve on the sea, stood from afar, ¹⁸ and cried, while beholding the smoke of her burning, saying, What is like to this great city!

¹⁸ and cried, while beholding the smoke of her burning, saying, What is like to this great city! ¹⁹ And they cast dust upon their heads, and cried, weeping and lamenting, and saying, Woe, woe, that great city, in which were made rich all they who have ships in the sea, from the preciousness of her! For in one hour she becometh desolate!

¹⁹ And they cast dust upon their heads, and cried, weeping and lamenting, and saying, Woe, woe, that great city, in which were made rich all they who have ships in the sea, from the preciousness of her! For in one hour she becometh desolate! ²⁰ Rejoice over her, heaven, and the angels and apostles and prophets, because Aloha hath judged your judgment upon her. ²¹ And an angel took a stone, as a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with force is cast down Babel the great city, and to be found no more. ²² And the voice of harpers, and of musicians, and of singers, and of trumpeters, shall be heard in thee no more. And no artificer, nor art, shall more be found in thee. ²³ And the light of a lamp shall be seen in thee no more. And the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard in thee no more. For thy merchants were the great ones of the earth; for by thy sorcery were all nations seduced.

¹ AFTER these I heard a great voice of a multitudinous host in heaven, saying, Halleluia! Salvation, and power, and glory, and honour, be unto our God. ² For true and righteous are his judgments; because he hath judged the great harlot who corrupted the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand.

² For true and righteous are his judgments; because he hath judged the great harlot who corrupted the earth with her fornication, and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand. ³ And the second time they said, Halleluia! And her smoke went up for ever and ever.

³ And the second time they said, Halleluia! And her smoke went up for ever and ever.

¹¹ And I saw a great white throne, and Him who sat thereon, from whom from his face fled earth and heaven; and place (as) to this was not found for them.

⁸ But the fearful, and the faithless, and sinners, and the unclean, and murderers, and fornicators, and sorcerers, and servers of idols, and all liars, (shall have) their portion in the lake which burneth with fire and sulphur; which is the second death.

²³ And the city hath no need of the sun nor of the moon to enlighten it; for the glory of Aloha illuminateth it, and the light thereof is the Lamb.

⁵ And night shall be no more: nor any need have they of the light of a lamp, or the light of the sun; for the Lord God enlighteneth them, and they will reign for ever and ever.

¹⁵ Without are dogs, and sorcerers, and fornicators, and murderers, and servers of idols, and every one who loveth and maketh a lie.