Rich, Riches, Richly, Rich man - Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words
Rich, Riches, Richly, Rich man
[ A-1,Adjective,G4145, plousios ]akin to B, C, No. 1, rich, wealthy," is used
(I) literally,
(a) adjectivally (with a noun expressed separately) in Matthew 27:57; Luke 12:16; Luke 14:12; Luke 16:1, Luke 16:19; (without a noun), Luke 18:23; Luke 19:2;
(b) as a noun, singular, a "rich" man (the noun not being expressed), Matthew 19:23-Matthew 19:24; Mark 10:25; Mark 12:41; Luke 16:21-Luke 16:22; Luke 18:25; James 1:10-James 1:11, "the rich," "the rich (man);" plural, Mark 12:41, lit., "rich (ones);" Luke 6:24 (ditto); Luke 21:1; 1 Timothy 6:17, "(them that are) rich," lit., "(the) rich;" James 2:6, RV, "the rich;" James 5:1, RV, "ye rich;" Revelation 6:15; Revelation 13:16, RV, "the rich;" (II) metaphorically, of God, Ephesians 2:4 ("in mercy"); of Christ, 2 Corinthians 8:9; of believers, James 2:5, RV, "(to be) rich (in faith);" Revelation 2:9, of spiritual "enrichment" generally; Revelation 3:17, of a false sense of "enrichment."
[ B-1,Verb,G4147, plouteo ]
"to be rich," in the aorist or point tense, "to become rich," is used
(a) literally, Luke 1:53, "the rich," present participle, lit., "(ones or those) being rich;" 1 Timothy 6:9, 1 Timothy 6:18; Revelation 18:3, Revelation 18:15, Revelation 18:19 (all three in the aorist tense);
(b) metaphorically, of Christ, Romans 10:12 (the passage stresses the fact that Christ is Lord; See Romans 10:9, and the RV); of the "enrichment" of believers through His poverty, 2 Corinthians 8:9 (the aorist tense expressing completeness, with permanent results); so in Revelation 3:18, where the spiritual "enrichment" is conditional upon righteousness of life and conduct (See GOLD, No. 2); of a false sense of "enrichment," 1 Corinthians 4:8 (aorist), RV, "ye are become rich" (AV, "ye are rich"); Revelation 3:17 (perfect tense, RV, "I ... have gotten riches," AV, "I am ... increased with goods"), See GOODS, Note
(3); of not being "rich" toward God, Luke 12:21.
[ B-2,Verb,G4148, ploutizo ]
"to make rich, enrich," is rendered "making (many) rich" in 2 Corinthians 6:10 (metaphorical of "enriching" spiritually). See ENRICH.
[ C-1,Noun,G4149, ploutos ]
is used in the singular
(I) of material "riches," used evilly, Matthew 13:22; Mark 4:19; Luke 8:14; 1 Timothy 6:17; James 5:2; Revelation 18:17; (II) of spiritual and moral "riches,"
(a) possessed by God and exercised towards men, Romans 2:4, "of His goodness and forbearance and longsuffering;" Romans 9:23 and Ephesians 3:16, "of His glory" (i.e., of its manifestation in grace towards believers); Romans 11:33, of His wisdom and knowledge; Ephesians 1:7; Ephesians 2:7, "of His grace;" Ephesians 1:18, "of the glory of His inheritance in the saints;" Ephesians 3:8, "of Christ;" Philippians 4:19, "in glory in Christ Jesus," RV; Colossians 1:27, "of the glory of this mystery ... Christ in you, the hope of glory;"
(b) to be ascribed to Christ, Revelation 5:12;
(c) of the effects of the gospel upon the Gentiles, Romans 11:12 (twice);
(d) of the full assurance of understanding in regard to the mystery of God, even Christ, Colossians 2:2, RV;
(e) of the liberality of the churches of Macedonia, 2 Corinthians 8:2 (where "the riches" stands for the spiritual and moral value of their liberality);
(f) of "the reproach of Christ" in contrast to this world's treasures, Hebrews 11:26.
[ C-2,Noun,G5536, chrema ]
"what one uses or needs" (chraomai, "to use"), "a matter, business," hence denotes "riches," Mark 10:23-Mark 10:24; Luke 18:24; See MONEY, No. 2.
[ D-1,Adverb,G4146, plousios ]
"richly, abundantly," akin to A, is used in Colossians 3:16; 1 Timothy 6:17; Titus 3:6, RV, "richly" (AV, "abundantly"); 2 Peter 1:11 (ditto).