Nothing - Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words
Nothing
[ 1,,G3762, ouden ]the neuter of oudeis, no one," occurs, e.g., in Matthew 5:13; Matthew 10:26; Matthew 23:16; adverbially, e.g., in Matthew 27:24; 2 Corinthians 12:11 (1st part), "in nothing;" 1 Timothy 4:4; in the dative case, after en, "in," Philippians 1:20. Westcott and Hort adopt the spelling outhen in Luke 22:35; Luke 23:14; Acts 15:9; Acts 19:27; Acts 26:26; 1 Corinthians 13:2.
[ 2,,G3367, meden ]
the neuter of medeis, "no one," is related to No. 1, in the same way as the masculine genders are; so with the negatives ou and me, "not," in all their usage and connections (See under NO MAN). Thus it is found, not in direct negative statements, as with No. 1, but in warnings, prohibitions, etc., e.g., Matthew 27:19; Acts 19:36; in expressions conveying certain impossiblities, e.g., Acts 4:21; comparisons, e.g., 2 Corinthians 6:10; intimating a supposition to the contrary, 1 Timothy 6:4; adverbially, e.g., 2 Corinthians 11:5, "not a whit." Westcott and Hort adopt the spelling methen in Acts 27:33.
[ 3,,G3756, ou ]
"not," is translated "nothing" in Luke 8:17; Luke 11:6; 1 Corinthians 9:16; 2 Corinthians 8:15 (in each case, an absolute and direct negative).
[ 4,,G3361, me ]
"not," is translated "nothing" in John 6:39 in a clause expressing purpose; in the AV of Luke 7:42 (RV, "not"), in a temporal clause.
[ 5,,G3756 G5101,ou ... ti ] followed by the subjunctive mood, "(have) nothing (to eat)," lit., "(they have) not what (they should eat)," in Matthew 15:32 (in some mss. in Mark 6:36); Mark 8:2; the phrase conveys more stress than the simple negative (No. 3).
[ 6,,G3361 G5100,me ... ti ] followed by the subjunctive mood, "(they had) nothing (to eat)," RV, "(having) nothing (to eat)," AV, lit., "not (having) what (they should eat)," in Mark 8:1; the negative is me here because it is attached to a participle, "having;" whereas in No. 5 the negative ou is attached to the indicative mood, "they have."
[ 7,,G3361 G5100,me ti ] lit., "not anything," not used in simple, direct negations (See under NO MAN), occurs in John 6:12 in a clause of purpose; in 1 Corinthians 4:5, in a prohibition.
[ 8,,G3761 G5100,oude ti ] "not even anything," is found in 1 Timothy 6:7 (2nd part); it is a more forceful expression than the simple ouden in the 1st part of the verse, as if to say, "it is a fact that we brought nothing into the world, and most certainly we can carry out not even the slightest thing, whatever we may have possessed.
Notes:
(1) For "nothing" in Luke 1:37, AV See WORD, No. 2 (RV).
(2) In John 11:49 the double negative ouk ("not") ... ouden ("nothing") is translated "nothing at all."
(3) In Acts 11:8 pan, "everything," with oudepote, "not even ever," is rendered "nothing ... ever," RV, AV, "nothing ... at any time."
(4) In 1 Corinthians 1:19, AV, atheteo, "to set aside, make void, reject," is translated "I will bring to nothing" (RV, "will I reject").